{"what_this_is":"The machine-readable twin of the BankPulse page for one RBI rulebook. Same points, same dates, same paragraph references as the page a person reads. RBI's own wording is not reproduced here: each point names the RBI paragraph, the character offset into the text BankPulse read and the sha256 of that text, so the claim can be checked against RBI's own document.","schema_version":1,"release_id":"d653cdb0a5","generated_at":"2026-09-15T00:33:59.117975+00:00","id":"md12979","title":"Reserve Bank of India (All India Financial Institutions – Credit Risk Management) Directions, 2025 (Updated as on July 01, 2026)","document_kind":"Directions","page":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979","status":"In force","importance":{"code":"MR","label":"MUST READ","weight":"Must read","why":"Binding RBI Directions naming this institution class in the title","layer":"bankpulse_inference"},"applies_to":{"shown":"All India financial institutions","class_code":"AIFI","from":"the document's own title","layer":"bankpulse_inference"},"dates":{"prid":"md12979","mode":"four_dates_v1","published":{"label":"Published","value":"Nov 28, 2025","stated":true,"why":"The day RBI put this document out."},"effective":{"label":"Starts to apply","value":"","stated":false,"why":"Not stated separately in this document. 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Other dates may sit inside single paragraphs."},"sources":{"published":"doc_date in data/highlights/md12979.json","effective":"none held","transition":"none held","deadline":"none held"}},"rbi_source":{"url":"https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/BS_ViewMasDirections.aspx?id=12979","document_date":"Nov 28, 2025","read_by_bankpulse":"2026-08-21 16:20:34 UTC","text_sha256":"14b471493d07d4b9e7a3680f994b0070ab922fcc2d0e74ebf87287a9e9a4890a","word_count":4425,"standing_last_checked":"Standing checked on RBI’s Master Directions index, 15 September 2026, 5:58 am IST."},"counts":{"points_shown":45,"points_naming_an_rbi_paragraph":45,"points_stored":45,"actions":0,"amendments":2},"points":[{"n":1,"claim":"md12979-23e52357","page_group":"Opening paragraphs","stored_section":"THE CORE IDEA","heading":"Credit risk spreads","plain_english":"Credit risk left unmanaged can spread into other kinds of risk.","rbi_paragraph":"Opening paragraphs","rbi_char_offset":2820,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p1","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":1,"claim":"md12979-c4a13908","page_group":"Chapter I. 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Preliminary","stored_section":"THE CORE IDEA","heading":"What an entity means","plain_english":"An entity here means a person other than an individual or a Hindu Undivided Family.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 4(27)","rbi_char_offset":6432,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p11","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":11,"claim":"md12979-7c2a0c10","page_group":"Chapter I. Preliminary","stored_section":"THE CORE IDEA","heading":"Lending includes both kinds","plain_english":"Lending to a related party covers funded and non-funded facilities alike.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 4(51)","rbi_char_offset":6694,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p12","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":12,"claim":"md12979-80e8a63e","page_group":"Chapter I. 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Regulatory Restrictions","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Materiality ceilings by size","plain_english":"The materiality ceiling is 25 crore rupees for the biggest institutions, 10 crore mid-sized, and 5 crore for the rest.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 4(5)","rbi_char_offset":17141,"weight":"MUST KNOW","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":"The ceiling depends on size. It is ₹25 crore for the biggest institutions, ₹10 crore for mid-sized ones, and ₹5 crore for the rest. A ₹7 crore item is material for the smallest band and not for the others.","anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p17","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":2,"claim":"md12979-bdc59f2b","page_group":"Chapter IIIA. 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Regulatory Restrictions","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Sub-limits within the cap","plain_english":"Inside that total there must be sub-limits for one party and for a group.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 4(5)","rbi_char_offset":16419,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p24","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":9,"claim":"md12979-f6e8b572","page_group":"Chapter IIIA. Regulatory Restrictions","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Inside RBI limits","plain_english":"Those limits must sit inside the exposure limits RBI already sets.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 4(5)","rbi_char_offset":16519,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p25","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":10,"claim":"md12979-bd4a19ea","page_group":"Chapter IIIA. 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Regulatory Restrictions","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Secured director loans allowed","plain_english":"A loan to a director against government securities, insurance policies or deposits is allowed within their full realisable value.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 4(3)","rbi_char_offset":14081,"weight":"BACKGROUND","role":"Board","team":null,"products_covered":["deposit-account"],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p34","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":1,"claim":"md12979-ceeb9722","page_group":"Chapter IV. Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) for Borrowers","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Both kinds of exposure","plain_english":"Exposure here covers funded and non-funded, credit and investment alike.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 19","rbi_char_offset":20633,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p35","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":2,"claim":"md12979-78c1af89","page_group":"Chapter IV. Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) for Borrowers","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Higher of limit or balance","plain_english":"The higher of the sanctioned limit and the outstanding balance is taken.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 19","rbi_char_offset":20804,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p36","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":3,"claim":"md12979-293ad1ce","page_group":"Chapter IV. Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) for Borrowers","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Push the group to enrol","plain_english":"Large borrowers must be encouraged to get codes for parent and group companies.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 20","rbi_char_offset":21672,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p37","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":4,"claim":"md12979-bd01f0b8","page_group":"Chapter IV. Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) for Borrowers","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Codes must be renewed","plain_english":"The lender must see that borrowers renew those codes when due.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 23","rbi_char_offset":22491,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p38","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":1,"claim":"md12979-30fce464","page_group":"Chapter V. Filing of Security Interest relating to Immovable (other than equitable mortgage), Movable, and Intangible Assets in CERSAI","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"Registry open to all","plain_english":"The central registry records must be open to search by any lender or person.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 25","rbi_char_offset":23497,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p39","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":2,"claim":"md12979-6d2b3c25","page_group":"Chapter V. 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Filing of Security Interest relating to Immovable (other than equitable mortgage), Movable, and Intangible Assets in CERSAI","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"File as you go","plain_english":"Charges on current transactions must be filed with the registry as they arise.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 27","rbi_char_offset":24938,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p41","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":1,"claim":"md12979-ed51ae9f","page_group":"Chapter VI. Working Capital Finance and Revolving Facility","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"No working capital finance","plain_english":"An institution cannot give working capital finance unless RBI allows it specifically.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 28","rbi_char_offset":25127,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":["working-capital"],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p42","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":2,"claim":"md12979-69f3c10c","page_group":"Chapter VI. Working Capital Finance and Revolving Facility","stored_section":"WHAT CHANGES","heading":"No revolving underwriting","plain_english":"It cannot offer a revolving underwriting facility for short term notes or debentures.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 29","rbi_char_offset":25782,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p43","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":1,"claim":"md12979-1079c38d","page_group":"Chapter VII. Repeal and other provisions","stored_section":"WHAT IT REPLACES","heading":"Old actions preserved","plain_english":"Anything already done under the old rules stays governed by those old rules.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 31","rbi_char_offset":26402,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p44","layer":"bankpulse"},{"n":2,"claim":"md12979-76f8c80d","page_group":"Chapter VII. Repeal and other provisions","stored_section":"WHAT IT REPLACES","heading":"Approvals carried over","plain_english":"Approvals given under the cancelled rules are now treated as given under these rules.","rbi_paragraph":"Para 31","rbi_char_offset":26581,"weight":"DO IT","role":"All staff","team":null,"products_covered":[],"products_excluded":[],"bankpulse_example":null,"anchor":"https://bankpulse.ai/rule/md12979#p45","layer":"bankpulse"}],"actions":[],"amendments":[{"id":"nt13256","title":"Reserve Bank of India (All India Financial Institutions – Credit Risk Management) – Amendment Directions, 2026","date":"Jan 05, 2026","rbi_url":"https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=13256&Mode=0","order":1,"layer":"rbi_source"},{"id":"nt13441","title":"Reserve Bank of India (All India Financial Institutions – Credit Risk Management) Second Amendment Directions, 2026","date":"Apr 29, 2026","rbi_url":"https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=13441&Mode=0","order":2,"layer":"rbi_source"}],"layers":{"rbi_source":"Facts taken from RBI's own document.","bankpulse":"BankPulse's plain-English summary of RBI's document.","bankpulse_inference":"BankPulse's own inference, not stated by RBI."},"rbi_wording_not_included":"By design. 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