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Fraud Classification and Reporting: 2005 Master Circular

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Issued by RBI: 09 Sep 2005  ·  Decoded by BankPulse: 21 Jun 2026, 08:10 IST
⏱ ~2 min read
📄 Official RBI source ↗
Quick answerRBI issued a 2005 Master Circular consolidating fraud reporting norms for banks. It mandates timely reporting, classifies frauds under seven heads, and warns of penal action for delays. Banks must appoint a General Manager-level official for compliance.

What changed

This circular updates the previous 2004 Master Circular on fraud classification and reporting, incorporating all subsequent instructions. It reiterates the need for streamlined reporting to avoid delays and alerts banks about penal action under Section 47(A) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 for non-compliance.

What it means for you

Banks must tighten internal fraud detection and reporting processes to meet RBI timelines. Delays could lead to penalties and reputational risk. The circular also emphasizes fixing staff accountability for reporting lapses, ensuring senior management oversight.

What you must do

Who it affects

All commercial banks (excluding RRBs), Financial institutions, Chief executives and senior management of banks, General Managers responsible for fraud reporting

What are the seven categories of fraud under this circular?

Frauds are classified as: misappropriation and criminal breach of trust; fraudulent encashment through forged instruments or fictitious accounts; unauthorized credit for reward; negligence and cash shortages; cheating and forgery; irregularities in foreign exchange transactions; and any other type not covered above.

What happens if a bank delays reporting a fraud to RBI?

Delays can lead to penal action under Section 47(A) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949. Banks must also fix staff accountability for such delays to prevent recurrence.

Who is responsible for submitting fraud returns to RBI?

Banks must nominate an official of the rank of General Manager who will be responsible for submitting all fraud-related returns to RBI.

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AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · decoded & published by BankPulse · 21 Jun 2026, 08:10 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=2506&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.