Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2005-06/347 · issued 04 Apr 2006 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI replaced the bidding commitment scheme for Primary Dealers with a two-part underwriting commitment: Minimum Underwriting Commitment (MUC) covering at least 50% of each issue via uniform PD commitments (e.g., about 3% each with 17 PDs), and Additional Competitive Underwriting (ACU) via auctions. Liquidity support limits revised for stand-alone PDs, effective from April 1, 2006 for fiscal year 2006-07, superseding earlier scheme from April 19, 2001.
The rule, in the simplest words
Primary Dealers (PDs) must now promise to buy at least 50% of each government bond auction, split into two parts: a fixed Minimum Underwriting Commitment (MUC) and an extra Additional Competitive Underwriting (ACU) they bid for.
Each PD's MUC is the same for all, no matter how big or small they are. For example, if there are 17 PDs, each must promise to buy about 3% of the auction amount.
PDs earn commission on their MUC based on how well they do in ACU auctions: if they win 4% or more of the ACU, they get the average of all accepted ACU bids; if less, they get the average of the three lowest ACU bids.
The old rule from April 19, 2001 about bidding commitments is replaced by this new underwriting rule, starting April 1, 2006 for the 2006-07 fiscal year.
Stand-alone PDs have a new way to calculate how much emergency money they can borrow from RBI (Liquidity Support), which changes their access to funds.
How it plays out — a real example
A treasury officer in Indore, Priya, works for a bank that is also a Primary Dealer. She doesn't handle bonds directly, but her treasury team now tells her that the bank must promise to buy about 3% of every new government bond auction, no matter what. This means the bank has to set aside money for that promise, which could affect how much cash is available for gold loans. Priya updates her loan budget to account for this new fixed commitment.
What changed
The earlier bidding commitment and voluntary underwriting scheme (2001) is superseded. PDs now must meet a Minimum Underwriting Commitment (MUC) ensuring 50% aggregate coverage (e.g., about 3% each with 17 PDs), plus bid in Additional Competitive Underwriting auctions for the remainder. Liquidity support calculation methodology revised for stand-alone PDs.
What it means for you
Banks acting as PDs face a mandatory underwriting obligation regardless of size, increasing their risk exposure in primary auctions. The revised liquidity support formula may alter access to RBI funding for stand-alone PDs. PDs need to adjust bidding strategies for ACU auctions, as commission on MUC depends on ACU performance: 4% or more ACU success gets weighted average of all accepted ACU bids; others get weighted average of three lowest ACU bids.
What you must do
Review and update internal underwriting policies to comply with MUC and ACU requirements.
Ensure annual undertakings with RBI reflect the new MUC commitment.
Prepare for ACU auctions by assessing market conditions and bidding strategies.
Recalibrate liquidity support calculations based on the revised methodology.
Train treasury teams on the new underwriting auction process and commission structure.
Who it affects
Stand-alone Primary Dealers, Scheduled commercial banks with PD departments, RBI's Financial Markets Department
❓ Common questions
Regulatory timeline
Stated effective dateeffective from April 1, 2006
Decoded by BankPulse2026-06-19 18:48 IST
Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).
What is the Minimum Underwriting Commitment (MUC) for each PD?
Each PD must underwrite a uniform percentage of the notified amount (e.g., about 3% with 17 PDs) to ensure aggregate MUC covers at least 50% of the issue. This is uniform for all PDs regardless of size.
How is commission on MUC determined?
PDs that succeed in ACU for 4% or more of notified amount get commission at the weighted average of all accepted ACU bids. Others get commission at the weighted average of the three lowest ACU bids.
When does the revised scheme take effect?
The scheme is effective from April 1, 2006, for the fiscal year 2006-07, superseding the earlier scheme from April 19, 2001, with immediate effect from April 4, 2006.
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2005-06/347
IDMD.PDRS.No.3007/03.64.00/2005-06
April 4, 2006
To
All Primary Dealers in the Government Securities Market
and
scheduled commercial banks undertaking PD business departmentally
Revised Scheme of Underwriting Commitment and
Liquidity Support
Please refer to our letter IDMC.No.4135/03.64.00/2000-01
dated April 19, 2001 on the Scheme for bidding, underwriting and liquidity
support to Primary Dealers.
2. As you are aware, in terms of the Fiscal
Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003, the Reserve Bank of India’s
participation in the primary issues of Government securities stands withdrawn
with effect from April 1, 2006 except under exceptional circumstances. To address
the emerging needs, an internal Technical Group on Central Government Securities
Market was constituted. The Group recommended restructuring of the current institutional
process of bidding commitments by introducing a revised methodology for Primary
Dealers’ obligations in the primary issuance process. In line with the recommendations
of the Group and keeping in view the discussions with the market participants,
a revised scheme of underwriting has been formulated and is enclosed.
3. Following the discontinuance of bidding
commitment as one of the obligations of Primary Dealers, the methodology for
calculating limits for Primary Dealers under the Reserve Bank of India’s Liquidity
Support Scheme has also been revised. The revised methodology for computing
the extent of liquidity support applicable to stand-alone Primary Dealers is
enclosed.
4. The above schemes supersede the earlier
schemes with immediate effect.
Yours faithfully
(G Mahalingam)
Chief General Manager
Enclosure : Revised Scheme for Underwriting
Commitment and Liquidity Support
I Scheme for Underwriting Commitment
This scheme replaces the existing Scheme for
Bidding Commitment and Underwriting to Primary Dealers (PDs) contained in circular
IDMC No.4135/03.64.00/2000-01 dated April 19, 2001. PDs/Bank-PDs will be, hereinafter,
collectively referred to as PDs.
Under the revised scheme, PDs will be required
to meet underwriting commitment instead of the earlier requirements of bidding
commitment and voluntary underwriting. The underwriting commitment will be divided
into two parts - i) Minimum Underwriting Commitment (MUC) and ii) Additional
Competitive Underwriting (ACU).
i. Minimum Underwriting Commitment :
The MUC of each PD will be computed to ensure that at least 50 percent of
each issue is mandatorily covered by the aggregate of all MUCs. For example,
with the current number of PDs at 17, each PD will be deemed to underwrite
about 3 per cent of the notified amount of each auction as MUC. The MUC will
be uniform for all PDs, irrespective of their capital or balance sheet size.
Since the MUC would not be through a bidding
process, the same would be incorporated in the Undertaking given by the PDs
to RBI, every year to enable compulsory minimum underwriting for each auction.
For the fiscal year 2006-07, the revised scheme will be applicable with effect
from April 1, 2006.
ii) Additional Competitive Underwriting:
The remaining portion of the notified amount will be open to competitive underwriting
through underwriting auctions. Each PD would be required to bid for a minimum
of 3 per cent of notified amount. The auctions could be either uniform price-based
or multiple price-based depending upon the market conditions and other relevant
factors, which will be announced before the underwriting auction for each issue.
All successful bidders in the ACU auction will get commission as per auction
rules.
iii) Commission on MUC: Those PDs
who succeed in the ACU for 4 per cent and above of the notified amount of the
issue, will get commission on their MUC (3 percent) at the weighted average
of all the accepted bids in the ACU. Others will get commission on the 3 percent
in MUC at the weighted average rate of the three lowest bids in the ACU.
2. The operational guidelines of the underwriting
commitment / auction are detailed as below:
2.1 For the ACU underwriting auction:
a. RBI will announce the MUC of each PD and
the amount for which ACU underwriting auction will be held. PDs have to bid
in the ACU underwriting auction for the remaining portion (notified amount
minus MUC) of the notified amount.
b. Bids will be tendered by PDs within the
stipulated time, indicating both the amount of the underwriting commitments
and underwriting commission rates. A PD can submit multiple bids for underwriting.
c. Each PD would be required to bid for a
minimum of 3 per cent of the notified amount.
d. A PD cannot bid for more than 30 per
cent of the notified amount.
e. Depending upon the bids submitted for underwriting,
RBI will decide the cut-off rate of commission and inform the PDs.
f. Underwriting commission will be paid on
the amount accepted for underwriting by the RBI, irrespective of the actual
amount of devolvement, by credit to the current account of the respective
PDs at the RBI, Fort, Mumbai, on the date of issue of security.
2.2 For the auction for GOI securities
a. A PD should bid for an amount not less
than the amount successful in the ACU and MUC. If two or more issues are floated
on the same day, the minimum bid amount will be applied to each issue separately.
b. In case of devolvement, PDs would be allowed
to set-off the accepted bids in the auction against their underwriting commitment
accepted by the Reserve Bank. Devolvement of securities, if any, on PDs will
take place on pro-rata basis, depending upon the amount of underwriting obligation
of each PD after setting off the successful bids in the auction.
3.0 Other issues
3.1 It may be recalled that in the earlier
system of underwriting, it was prescribed that the total amount offered for
underwriting by a PD on any single day should not exceed five times of its net
owned funds. Under the revised system, this condition is being dispensed with.
3.2 In case of State Government floatation
through auction, the existing system of underwriting will continue.
3.3 In the case of Treasury Bills, however,
the existing stipulations in regard to separate bidding commitment as a percentage
of notified amount for each auction and success ratio will continue.
4 Reserve Bank of India reserves its right
to amend these guidelines from time to time, as may be considered necessary.
II Scheme for liquidity support to stand-alone
Primary Dealers
In terms of the "Guidelines for Primary
Dealers in the Government Securities Market", PDs are provided with liquidity
support by the Reserve Bank of India through repos /refinance against Central
Government securities. In view of the revised scheme of underwriting commitment,
the methodology of calculation of liquidity support to individual PDs has been
changed. The liquidity support will be provided to stand-alone PDs only. The
parameters based on which liquidity support will be allocated are given below:
a. Liquidity Adjustment Facility :
The stand-alone PDs will be able to access the Liquidity Adjustment Facility
as hitherto.
b. Liquidity support: Of the total
liquidity support, half of the amount will be divided equally among all the
stand-alone PDs. The remaining half (i.e. 50%) will be divided in the ratio
of 1:1 based on market performance in primary market and secondary market.
Performance in primary market will be computed on the basis of bids accepted
in the T-Bill auction and G-sec auction in the proportion of 1:3. Similarly,
the secondary market performance will be judged on the basis of outright turnover
in T-Bills and G-secs in the proportion of 1:3.
c. The PD-wise quantum of liquidity support
will be revised every half-year (April-September and October-March) based
on the market performance of the PDs in the preceding six months.
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2005-06/347 · issued 04 Apr 2006. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
Review and update internal underwriting policies to comply with MUC and ACU requirements.
Train treasury teams on the new underwriting auction process and commission structure.
📜 Compliance
Ensure annual undertakings with RBI reflect the new MUC commitment.
Prepare for ACU auctions by assessing market conditions and bidding strategies.
Recalibrate liquidity support calculations based on the revised methodology.
Grouped from the action items above — a single circular may involve more than one team.
Worked example & action-note template
Example: if you are a Credit Manager at a bank this circular applies to (Stand-alone Primary Dealers, Scheduled commercial banks with PD departments, RBI's Financial Markets Department), your first concrete step on “Revised Underwriting & Liquidity Support for PDs” is: “Review and update internal underwriting policies to comply with MUC and ACU requirements.” (RBI issued this 04 Apr 2006).
Circular: RBI/2005-06/347 -- Revised Underwriting & Liquidity Support for PDs
Issued: 04 Apr 2006
Action required: Review and update internal underwriting policies to comply with MUC and ACU requirements.
Action required: Ensure annual undertakings with RBI reflect the new MUC commitment.
Action required: Prepare for ACU auctions by assessing market conditions and bidding strategies.
Action required: Recalibrate liquidity support calculations based on the revised methodology.
Action required: Train treasury teams on the new underwriting auction process and commission structure.
Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________
Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.
💬 Banker Discussion
Discuss this circular with fellow bankers — reply, upvote what helps, report what doesn’t belong. Be professional; no client data. Views are the commenter’s own, not BankPulse’s.
BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 05 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=2804&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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