FDI: 180-Day Deadline for Issuing Equity Instruments
Current · Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2007-08/213 · issued 14 Dec 2007 · ~2 min read
Quick answerFrom Nov 29, 2007, Indian companies must issue equity instruments (shares/CCDs) within 180 days of receiving FDI advance remittances. If not issued, refund immediately via outward remittance or NRE/FCNR(B) credit. Non-compliance is a FEMA contravention.
The rule, in the simplest words
When a foreign investor sends money to an Indian company for buying shares or special bonds (called equity instruments), the company must give those shares or bonds within 180 days from the day the money arrives.
If the company does not give the shares or bonds within 180 days, it must send the money back to the investor right away, either by transferring it abroad or putting it back into the investor's special bank account (NRE or FCNR(B) account).
The company cannot add any interest to the refund; only the exact amount of money received should be returned.
Banks must check that their corporate customers follow this 180-day rule and help them send refunds if needed, or else the company and bank could face penalties under FEMA (the foreign exchange law).
If the 180 days have already passed before November 28, 2007, the company must go to the RBI's regional office with a plan to fix the situation.
How it plays out — a real example
A forex & trade-finance officer in Mumbai receives a foreign investor's advance payment of ₹50 lakh for shares in a local company. The officer sets a reminder in the bank's system for 180 days later. When the company fails to issue the shares by day 179, the officer calls the company's CFO and arranges an immediate refund of the full ₹50 lakh to the investor's NRE account, ensuring no interest is added, to avoid a FEMA violation.
What changed
RBI introduced a strict 180-day timeline for issuing equity instruments against FDI advance remittances, effective November 29, 2007. Previously, no such explicit deadline existed; refunds were allowed under general permission. Now, failure to issue within 180 days mandates immediate refund, with no interest component allowed.
What it means for you
Banks must ensure that their corporate clients issue equity instruments within 180 days of receiving FDI advances, or process refunds promptly. This tightens compliance and reduces the risk of funds being held indefinitely. Non-compliance can lead to FEMA penalties, so banks need to monitor timelines closely and advise clients accordingly.
What you must do
Update internal systems to track the 180-day deadline from the date of inward remittance or NRE/FCNR(B) debit for FDI advances.
Advise corporate clients to issue equity instruments within 180 days or arrange immediate refunds via outward remittance or account credit.
Verify that no part of any refund represents interest on the advance; only the principal amount should be remitted.
For cases where 180 days have already elapsed as of Nov 28, 2007, guide clients to approach RBI's Regional Office with a definite action plan.
Ensure that advances are received only under the automatic route for FDI; manual route cases require prior RBI approval.
Who it affects
All Category-I Authorised Dealer banks, Indian companies receiving FDI advance remittances, Non-resident investors making FDI advances
❓ Common questions
Regulatory timeline
Stated effective dateeffective November 29, 2007
Decoded by BankPulse2026-06-19 14:48 IST
Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).
What happens if the 180-day deadline is missed?
The company must immediately refund the advance to the non-resident investor via outward remittance or credit to NRE/FCNR(B) account. No interest can be paid on the advance. Non-compliance is a FEMA contravention and may attract penalties.
Can we get an extension beyond 180 days?
In exceptional cases, RBI may consider refunds beyond 180 days on a case-by-case basis. AD banks must apply to the Regional Office of the Foreign Exchange Department for such approvals.
Does this apply to all FDI advances?
Yes, but only for advances received under the automatic route. For manual route FDI, separate RBI approval is needed before receiving advances.
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2007-08/213
A. P. (DIR Series) Circular No.20
December 14, 2007
To
All Category - I Authorised Dealer banks
Madam / Sir,
Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) –
Issue of shares under FDI and refund of advance remittances
Attention of Authorised Dealer Category – I (AD Category – I) banks is invited to the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident outside India) Regulations, 2000 notified vide Notification No. FEMA 20 / 2000-RB dated May 3, 2000 (the Notification), as amended from time to time.
2. In terms of Schedule 1 of the Notification, a person resident outside India can purchase equity shares / compulsorily convertible preference shares and compulsorily convertible debentures (equity instruments) issued by an Indian company under the FDI policy and the Indian company is allowed to receive the amount of consideration in advance towards issue of such equity instruments, subject to the terms and conditions laid down therein. In terms of Regulation 9(1) (A) of Schedule 1 ibid, the Indian company is required to report the receipt of the amount of consideration within thirty days of receipt of the inward remittance or the date of debit of the NRE / FCNR(B) account of the foreign investor with a AD category – I bank in India, to the Regional Office concerned of the Reserve Bank, in accordance with the prescribed procedure. Further, in terms of A. P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 45 dated November 12, 2002 , general permission is available to Indian companies to refund the amounts received towards purchase of shares under Regulation 5 (1) of Notification No. FEMA 20/2000-RB dated May 3, 2000 , as amended from time to time.
3. The matter has been reviewed in consultation with the Government of India and it has been decided that, with effect from November 29, 2007, the equity instruments should be issued within 180 days of the receipt of the inward remittance. In case, the equity instruments are not issued within 180 days from the date of receipt of the inward remittance or date of debit to the NRE/FCNR (B) account, the amount of consideration so received should be refunded immediately to the non-resident investor by outward remittance through normal banking channels or by credit to the NRE/FCNR (B) account, as the case may be. The AD Category – I banks may allow such outward remittances after satisfying themselves with the bonafides of the transactions and that no part of the remittance represents interest on the funds received as advance. Non-compliance with the above provision would be reckoned as a contravention under FEMA and could attract penal provisions.
4. In exceptional cases, refund of the amount of consideration outstanding beyond a period of 180 days from the date of receipt may be considered by the Reserve Bank on the merits of the case. Accordingly, AD Category – I banks may apply to the Regional Office concerned of Foreign Exchange Department of the Reserve Bank for refund of such advance.
5. In all cases where, as on November 28, 2007, 180 days have elapsed since receipt of funds and the equity instruments have not been issued, the companies are required to approach the Foreign Exchange Department of the Regional Office concerned of the Reserve Bank through their AD Category - I bank with a definite action plan either for allotment of equity instruments or for refund of the advance, with full details, for specific approval.
6. It is clarified that the advances against equity instruments may be received only where the FDI is allowed under the automatic route.
7. AD Category - I banks may bring the contents of the circular to the notice of their customers and constituents concerned.
8. A copy of the Notification No. FEMA 170/2007-RB , notified vide G.S.R. 737(E), dated November 29, 2007 amending the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident outside India) Regulations, 2000 ( Notification No. FEMA 20/2000-RB dated May 3, 2000 ) issued in this regard, is enclosed.
9. The directions contained in this circular have been issued under Sections 10(4) and 11(1) of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (42 of 1999) and are without prejudice to permissions / approvals, if any, required under any other law.
Yours faithfully,
(Salim Gangadharan)
Chief General Manager
Reserve Bank of India
Foreign Exchange Department
Central Office
Mumbai- 400 001
Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by A Person Resident Outside India) (Third Amendment) Regulations, 2007
NOTIFICATION
Mumbai, the13th November, 2007
Notification No. FEMA 170 /2007-RB Dated 13th November, 2007
In exercise of the powers conferred by clause (b) of sub-section (3) of Section 6 and Section 47 of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (42 of 1999) the Reserve Bank of India hereby makes the following amendments in the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by A Person Resident Outside India) Regulations, 2000 (Notification No. FEMA 20/2000-RB dated 3rd May 2000) namely:-
1. Short Title & Commencement:-
(i) These Regulations may be called the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by A Person Resident Outside India) (Third Amendment) Regulations, 2007.
(ii) These regulations shall come into force from the date of their publication in the Official Gazette.
2. Amendment of the Regulations:-
In the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by A Person Resident Outside India) Regulations, 2000 (Notification No. FEMA 20/2000-RB dated 3rd May 2000), in Schedule 1, in paragraph 8, after Explanation, the following provisos shall be inserted, namely:
"Provided that if the shares or convertible debentures are not issued within 180 days from the date of receipt of the inward remittance or date of debit to NRE / FCNR (B) account, the amount of consideration so received shall be refunded to the person concerned by outward remittance through normal banking channels or by credit to his NRE / FCNR(B) account, as the case may be;
Provided further that the Reserve Bank may, on an application made to it and for sufficient reasons permit an Indian company to refund the amount of consideration received towards issue of security, if such amount is outstanding beyond a period of 180 days from the date of receipt.
(Salim Gangadharan)
Chief General Manager
(i) Foot Note: The Principal Regulations were published in the Official Gazette vide G.S.R.No. 406 (E) dated May 8, 2000 in Part II, Section 3, sub-section (i) and subsequently amended as under:
G.S.R.No. 158(E) dated 02.03.2001
G.S.R.No. 175(E) dated 13.03.2001
G.S.R.No. 182(E) dated 14.03.2001
G.S.R.No. 4(E) dated 02.01.2002
G.S.R.No. 574(E) dated 19.08.2002
G.S.R.No. 223(E) dated 18.03.2003
G.S.R.No. 225(E) dated 18.03.2003
G.S.R.No. 558(E) dated 22.07.2003
G.S.R.No. 835(E) dated 23.10.2003
G.S.R.No. 899(E) dated 22.11.2003
G.S.R.No. 12(E) dated 07.01.2004
G.S.R.No. 278(E) dated 23.04.2004
G.S.R.No. 454(E) dated 16.07.2004
G.S.R.No. 625(E) dated 21.09.2004
G.S.R.No. 799(E) dated 08.12.2004
G.S.R.No. 201(E) dated 01.04.2005
G.S.R.No. 202(E) dated 01.04.2005
G.S.R.No. 504(E) dated 25.07.2005
G.S.R.No. 505(E) dated 25.07.2005
G.S.R.No. 513(E) dated 29.07.2005
G.S.R.No. 738(E) dated 22.12.2005
G.S.R.No. 29(E) dated 19.01.2006
G.S.R.No. 413(E) dated 11.07.2006
G.S.R.No. 737(E) dated 29.11.2007
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2007-08/213 · issued 14 Dec 2007. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
Update internal systems to track the 180-day deadline from the date of inward remittance or NRE/FCNR(B) debit for FDI advances.
📜 Compliance
Advise corporate clients to issue equity instruments within 180 days or arrange immediate refunds via outward remittance or account credit.
Verify that no part of any refund represents interest on the advance; only the principal amount should be remitted.
For cases where 180 days have already elapsed as of Nov 28, 2007, guide clients to approach RBI's Regional Office with a definite action plan.
Ensure that advances are received only under the automatic route for FDI; manual route cases require prior RBI approval.
Grouped from the action items above — a single circular may involve more than one team.
Worked example & action-note template
Example: if you are an IT/Systems lead at a bank this circular applies to (All Category-I Authorised Dealer banks, Indian companies receiving FDI advance remittances, Non-resident investors making FDI advances), your first concrete step on “FDI: 180-Day Deadline for Issuing Equity Instruments” is: “Update internal systems to track the 180-day deadline from the date of inward remittance or NRE/FCNR(B) debit for FDI advances.” (RBI issued this 14 Dec 2007).
Circular: RBI/2007-08/213 -- FDI: 180-Day Deadline for Issuing Equity Instruments
Issued: 14 Dec 2007
Action required: Update internal systems to track the 180-day deadline from the date of inward remittance or NRE/FCNR(B) debit for FDI advances.
Action required: Advise corporate clients to issue equity instruments within 180 days or arrange immediate refunds via outward remittance or account credit.
Action required: Verify that no part of any refund represents interest on the advance; only the principal amount should be remitted.
Action required: For cases where 180 days have already elapsed as of Nov 28, 2007, guide clients to approach RBI's Regional Office with a definite action plan.
Action required: Ensure that advances are received only under the automatic route for FDI; manual route cases require prior RBI approval.
Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________
Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.
💬 Banker Discussion
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BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 05 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=3981&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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