HomeCirculars › RBI/2009-10/429

PMLA Rules Amended: Beneficial Owner Definition & Record-Keeping

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Issued by RBI: 23 Apr 2010  ·  Decoded by BankPulse: 20 Jun 2026, 15:46 IST
⏱ ~2 min read
📄 Official RBI source ↗
Quick answerRBI mandates banks to comply with amended PMLA Rules (2005) requiring detailed transaction records and a clear definition of 'beneficial owner' as the natural person who ultimately owns or controls a client.

What changed

The Government of India amended the Prevention of Money-laundering (Maintenance of Records of the Nature and Value of Transactions, the Procedure and Manner of Maintaining and Time for Furnishing Information and Verification and Maintenance of Records of the Identity of the Clients of the Banking Companies, Financial Institutions and Intermediaries) Rules, 2005, vide Notification No. 7/2010-E.S.F.No.6/8/2009-E.S dated February 12, 2010. Banks must now maintain records of all transactions including those detailed in rule 3 sub-rule (1) and ensure records contain all necessary information specified by the Regulator to permit reconstruction of individual transactions including the information detailed in rule 4. A new explanation in rule 9 sub-rule (1A) defines 'beneficial owner' as the natural person who ultimately owns or controls a client and or the person on whose behalf a transaction is being conducted, and includes a person who exercises ultimate effective control over a juridical person.

What it means for you

Banks and All India Financial Institutions must enhance their record-keeping systems to capture and store detailed transaction data for potential reconstruction. The explicit definition of beneficial owner strengthens KYC norms, requiring banks to identify and verify the natural person behind legal entities. Non-compliance with these amended rules could attract regulatory action.

What you must do

Who it affects

All Scheduled Commercial Banks (excluding RRBs), All India Financial Institutions, Local Area Banks

What is the key change in the definition of 'beneficial owner'?

The amendment defines 'beneficial owner' as the natural person who ultimately owns or controls a client and or the person on whose behalf a transaction is being conducted, and includes a person who exercises ultimate effective control over a juridical person.

What records must banks now maintain under these rules?

Banks must maintain records of all transactions including those detailed in rule 3 sub-rule (1), and ensure records contain all necessary information specified by the Regulator to permit reconstruction of individual transactions including the information detailed in rule 4.

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AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · decoded & published by BankPulse · 20 Jun 2026, 15:46 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=5627&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.