HomeCirculars › RBI/2009-10/500

Compromise Settlement of NPAs: Fairness & Compliance Mandated

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Issued by RBI: 21 Jun 2010  ·  Decoded by BankPulse: 20 Jun 2026, 14:54 IST
⏱ ~2 min read
📄 Official RBI source ↗
Quick answerRBI mandates that all compromise/one-time settlements of NPAs must be fair, transparent, and fully compliant with its guidelines. Sanctioning officers must now certify compliance. This follows concerns over inconsistent treatment of borrowers and ignoring available securities.

What changed

RBI observed that banks were applying different parameters to different borrowers during compromise settlements, sometimes agreeing to lesser amounts despite ample securities and ignoring RBI guidelines. To address this, RBI now requires the officer sanctioning a compromise/one-time settlement to append a certificate stating the settlement conforms to RBI guidelines.

What it means for you

Banks must ensure their compromise settlement processes are uniform and transparent, with full adherence to existing RBI circulars. The new certification requirement adds a layer of accountability, making sanctioning officers personally responsible for compliance. This could slow down settlement approvals but aims to prevent regulatory and legal challenges.

What you must do

Who it affects

All Scheduled Commercial Banks (excluding RRBs & LABs), Sanctioning officers/authorities handling compromise/one-time settlements, Borrowers with NPAs seeking compromise settlements

What triggered this RBI directive?

Concerns were raised by Debt Recovery Tribunals and other quarters about banks using different parameters for different borrowers during compromise settlements, sometimes ignoring available securities and RBI guidelines.

What is the new certification requirement?

The officer or authority sanctioning a compromise or one-time settlement must now append a certificate stating that the settlement is in full conformity with RBI guidelines.

Does this apply to all banks?

Yes, it applies to all Scheduled Commercial Banks, but Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) and Local Area Banks (LABs) are excluded from this circular.

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AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · decoded & published by BankPulse · 20 Jun 2026, 14:54 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=5733&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.