HomeCirculars › RBI/2009-10/7

Master Circular on Fraud Monitoring for NBFCs

Deposits / Interest Rates
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Issued by RBI: 01 Jul 2009  ·  Decoded by BankPulse: 20 Jun 2026, 19:46 IST
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📄 Official RBI source ↗
Quick answerRBI updated its master circular on fraud monitoring for deposit-taking NBFCs, issued July 1, 2009. It mandates timely reporting (within three weeks for frauds of Rs 1 lakh and above), classification, and board reviews of frauds, with penal action for delays under Chapter V of the RBI Act. NBFCs must nominate a General Manager-level official for compliance.

What changed

RBI issued an updated master circular consolidating all current instructions on fraud monitoring for deposit-taking NBFCs, including RNBCs, as of June 30, 2009. The circular replaces the previous version (No. 121) and is now available on the RBI website.

What it means for you

NBFCs must ensure strict adherence to fraud reporting timelines to avoid penal action under the RBI Act. The circular emphasizes accountability for delays and requires nomination of a General Manager-level official for fraud returns. It also standardizes fraud classification and reporting thresholds.

What you must do

Who it affects

All deposit-taking NBFCs including RNBCs, Senior management and compliance teams of NBFCs, Board of directors of NBFCs

What is the threshold for reporting frauds to RBI?

Frauds involving Rs 1 lakh and above must be reported within three weeks of detection. For frauds of Rs 25 lakh and above, reports must be sent to the Central Office with a copy to the Regional Office.

What happens if an NBFC delays reporting a fraud?

Delays can lead to penal action under Chapter V of the RBI Act, 1934, and may result in similar frauds occurring elsewhere due to lack of alerts.

Are NBFCs required to submit nil fraud reports?

No, NBFCs are not required to submit nil reports. However, they must ensure that any reports sent are received by the RBI's Frauds Monitoring Cell or Regional Office.

Key dataSee the live numbers behind this topic: Repo Rate Timeline, Credit & Deposit Growth — updated from official RBI data.
Key termsPlain-English definitions of terms in this circular — see the full Indian banking glossary. Repo rate · CASA · Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) · Deposit insurance (DICGC)
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AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · decoded & published by BankPulse · 20 Jun 2026, 19:46 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=5085&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.