ECB Liberalisation for Infrastructure: 25% Refinancing of Rupee Loans Allowed
Current · Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2011-12/199 · issued 23 Sep 2011 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI now allows infrastructure companies to use 25% of fresh ECB to refinance existing rupee loans from domestic banks, provided 75% goes to new infrastructure capital expenditure. This is under approval route with strict documentation and monitoring.
The rule, in the simplest words
Infrastructure companies can use 25% of new ECB (foreign loan) to pay off old rupee loans (Indian currency loans) from banks, but only if 75% of the ECB is spent on building new infrastructure projects.
The 25% refinance part can only be used to repay rupee loans that were taken for completed infrastructure projects and are still owed to the bank.
Companies must get certificates from their bank and auditor proving the rupee loans were used for completed projects and how much is still owed.
Indian banks cannot give any guarantees for these ECBs, and the bank must watch how the money is used.
How it plays out — a real example
A forex & trade-finance officer in Indore, Priya, receives an application from an infrastructure company that wants to raise $10 million in ECB. She checks that the company plans to spend $7.5 million (75%) on a new highway project and use $2.5 million (25%) to repay an old rupee loan for a completed bridge. Priya collects the required certificates from the company's auditor and the domestic lender, then submits the application to RBI for approval, ensuring no bank guarantees are provided.
What changed
Previously, repayment of rupee loans was not a permissible end-use for ECB. Now, infrastructure companies can refinance up to 25% of fresh ECB proceeds towards rupee loans for completed infrastructure projects, subject to conditions like 75% allocation to new project capital expenditure and lender certification.
What it means for you
This gives infrastructure firms a new avenue to reduce domestic debt costs by accessing cheaper foreign funds. Banks will see some rupee loans repaid early, potentially freeing up capital, but must monitor end-use and cannot provide guarantees. The approval route ensures RBI oversight.
What you must do
Verify that borrower qualifies as 'infrastructure' as per ECB guidelines and that 75% of ECB is for new project capital expenditure.
Ensure the 25% refinance portion is used only for outstanding rupee loans related to capital expenditure of completed infrastructure projects.
Collect and verify certifications: project completion details, statutory auditor's confirmation on rupee loan use, and outstanding loan certificate from the domestic lender.
Monitor end-use of ECB proceeds and ensure no guarantees are provided by Indian banks for these ECBs.
Who it affects
Authorised Dealer Category I banks, Infrastructure companies seeking ECB, Domestic banks with rupee loans to infrastructure firms
❓ Common questions
Can any company use this ECB facility for refinancing?
No, only Indian companies in the infrastructure sector as defined under ECB guidelines can use this facility, and only under the approval route.
What documentation is needed for the refinancing portion?
Borrowers must submit project completion details certified by the AD bank, statutory auditor certification on rupee loan use for capital expenditure, and certification from the AD bank on outstanding rupee loans.
Are Indian banks allowed to guarantee these ECBs?
No, banks in India are not permitted to provide any form of guarantee for these ECBs.
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2011-12/199
A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 25
September 23, 2011
To
All Authorised Dealer Category I Banks
Madam / Sir,
External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) for the Infrastructure
Sector– Liberalisation
Attention of Authorized Dealer Category-I (AD Category-I) banks is invited to the Foreign Exchange Management (Borrowing or lending in foreign exchange) Regulations, 2000, notified vide Notification No. FEMA 3/2000-RB dated May 3, 2000 , amended from time to time and the A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 5 dated August 1, 2005 , amended from time to time relating to the External Commercial Borrowings (ECB).
2. As per extant guidelines, repayment of existing Rupee loans is not a permissible end-use for ECB. Considering the specific needs of the infrastructure sector, the existing ECB policy has been reviewed in consultation with the Government of India and it has been decided to allow Indian companies which are in the infrastructure sector, where “infrastructure” is as defined under the extant guidelines on External Commercial Borrowings (ECB), to utilise 25 per cent of the fresh ECB raised by the corporate towards refinancing of the Rupee loan/s availed by them from the domestic banking system, under the approval route, subject to the following conditions:-
(i) at least 75 per cent of the fresh ECB proposed to be raised should be utilised for capital expenditure towards a 'new infrastructure' project(s), where “infrastructure” is as defined in terms of the extant guidelines on ECB.
(ii) in respect of remaining 25 per cent, the refinance shall only be utilized for repayment of the Rupee loan availed of for 'capital expenditure' of earlier completed infrastructure project(s); and
(iii) the refinance shall be utilized only for the Rupee loans which are outstanding in the books of the financing bank concerned.
3. Companies desirous of availing such ECBs may submit their applications in Form ECB through their designated Authorised Dealer bank with the following documents:
(i) details of the project(s) completed with necessary certification from the designated AD Category I bank;
(ii) certification from the Statutory Auditor regarding the utilization of Rupee term loans with respect to 'capital expenditure'; for the completed infrastructure project(s), duly certified by the domestic lender bank(s) concerned;
(iii) certification from the designated Authorised Dealer bank about the outstanding Rupee loans ; and
(iv) details of the proposed end-use of the new infrastructure project.
4. The designated AD - Category I bank shall monitor the end-use of funds and bank(s) in India will not be permitted to provide any form of guarantee(s). All other conditions of ECB, such as eligible borrower, recognized lender, all-in-cost, average maturity, prepayment, refinancing of existing ECB and reporting arrangements shall remain unchanged and shall be complied with.
5. The amended ECB policy will come into force with immediate effect and is subject to review at point of time.
6. AD Category - I banks may bring the contents of this circular to the notice of their constituents and customers.
7. The directions contained in this circular has been issued under sections 10(4) and 11(1) of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (42 of 1999) and are without prejudice to permissions / approvals, if any, required under any other law.
Yours faithfully,
(Rashmi Fauzdar)
Chief General Manager
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2011-12/199 · issued 23 Sep 2011. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
Verify that borrower qualifies as 'infrastructure' as per ECB guidelines and that 75% of ECB is for new project capital expenditure.
Ensure the 25% refinance portion is used only for outstanding rupee loans related to capital expenditure of completed infrastructure projects.
📜 Compliance
Collect and verify certifications: project completion details, statutory auditor's confirmation on rupee loan use, and outstanding loan certificate from the domestic lender.
Monitor end-use of ECB proceeds and ensure no guarantees are provided by Indian banks for these ECBs.
Grouped from the action items above — a single circular may involve more than one team.
Worked example & action-note template
Example: if you are an IT/Systems lead at a bank this circular applies to (Authorised Dealer Category I banks, Infrastructure companies seeking ECB, Domestic banks with rupee loans to infrastructure firms), your first concrete step on “ECB Liberalisation for Infrastructure: 25% Refinancing of Rupee Loans Allowed” is: “Verify that borrower qualifies as 'infrastructure' as per ECB guidelines and that 75% of ECB is for new project capital expenditure.” (RBI issued this 23 Sep 2011).
Circular: RBI/2011-12/199 -- ECB Liberalisation for Infrastructure: 25% Refinancing of Rupee Loans Allowed
Issued: 23 Sep 2011
Action required: Verify that borrower qualifies as 'infrastructure' as per ECB guidelines and that 75% of ECB is for new project capital expenditure.
Action required: Ensure the 25% refinance portion is used only for outstanding rupee loans related to capital expenditure of completed infrastructure projects.
Action required: Collect and verify certifications: project completion details, statutory auditor's confirmation on rupee loan use, and outstanding loan certificate from the domestic lender.
Action required: Monitor end-use of ECB proceeds and ensure no guarantees are provided by Indian banks for these ECBs.
Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________
Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.
💬 Banker Discussion
Discuss this circular with fellow bankers — reply, upvote what helps, report what doesn’t belong. Be professional; no client data. Views are the commenter’s own, not BankPulse’s.
BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=6731&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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