HomeCirculars › RBI/2011-12/385

RBI tightens loan rules for directors' spouses and children

No longer current — withdrawn, no replacement on file yet
Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2011-12/385 · issued 03 Feb 2012 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI (as per 2012 circular) restricts loans to directors' spouses and minor/dependent children under Section 20 of the Banking Regulation Act. Exceptions exist if the spouse has independent income and the loan is on commercial terms. Loans of ₹25 lakh and above need board approval.

What changed

RBI clarified in 2012 that Section 20 restrictions on loans to directors also apply to their spouse and minor/dependent children, following an instance of circumvention. Earlier circulars did not explicitly cover these relatives. Banks can still lend to a director's spouse if the spouse has independent income and the loan is on standard commercial terms.

What it means for you

Banks must now treat loans to directors' spouses and minor/dependent children as restricted under Section 20, preventing concessional rates or circumvention. For loans above ₹25 lakh, board or management committee approval is mandatory. This tightens governance and reduces conflict-of-interest risks.

Historical instruction — do not use for current compliance. This is what was required at the time; it no longer reflects current RBI requirements. If no replacement rule is linked above, that only means none is recorded on our register yet — it does not prove no later applicable rule exists. Confirm on the official RBI source below.

What banks were required to do at the time

Who it affects

All scheduled commercial banks (excluding RRBs), Board of Directors and Management Committees, Credit sanctioning authorities, Directors and their relatives

❓ Common questions

Regulatory timeline

Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).

Can a bank give a loan to a director's spouse if the spouse has no independent income?

No, unless the spouse has independent income from employment or profession, and the loan is on standard commercial terms. Otherwise, it falls under Section 20 restrictions.

What is the approval requirement for loans above ₹25 lakh to directors' relatives?

Such proposals must be sanctioned by the bank's Board of Directors or the Management Committee of the Board.

Do these rules apply to contracts as well?

Yes, the same norms for loans and advances apply to award of contracts to directors and their relatives.

📜 This document’s life story (1 recorded event, each backed by RBI’s own words)
Repealed by RBI/2025-26/100 — Consolidation of Regulations — Withdrawal of circulars (28 Nov 2025)
RBI’s words: “Official withdrawal register entry #1378: DBOD.No.BP.BC.79/21.01.001/2011-12 — "Grant of Loans and Advances and Award of Contracts to Directors of Banks and their Relatives" dated February 3, 2012”
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2011-12/385 DBOD.No.BP.BC.79/21.01.001/2011-12 February 3, 2012 The Chairman and Managing Directors/ Chief Executive Officers of All Scheduled Commercial Banks (Excluding RRBs) Dear Sir/Madam, Grant of Loans and Advances and Award of Contracts to Directors of Banks and their Relatives Please refer to instructions contained in our circulars DBOD.No.GC.BC.34/C.408C(59)S-84 dated April 12, 1984 read with DBOD.No.BC.110/21.01.001/94 dated October 10, 1994 and DBOD.No.BP.BC.23/21.01.001/96 dated March 1, 1996 on the above subject. 2.  We have come across an instance, where loans and advances have been sanctioned to the relative of a Director of a bank, at a concessional rate of interest, thereby circumventing the spirit of the restrictions contained under Section 20 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.  The matter has, therefore, been examined by us and it has been decided that the restrictions as contained in Section 20 of the Act would apply to grant of loans and advances to spouse and minor/dependent children of the Directors of banks. However, banks may grant loan or advance to or on behalf of spouses of their Directors in cases where the spouse has his/her own independent source of income arising out of his/her employment or profession and the facility so granted is based on standard procedures and norms for assessing the creditworthiness of the borrower. Such facility should be extended on commercial terms. As mentioned in the circular dated March 1, 1996, all credit proposals for Rs. 25 lakhs and above should be sanctioned by the bank's Board of Directors/Management Committee of the Board. The proposals for less than Rs. 25 lakhs may be sanctioned by the appropriate authority in banks in terms of the powers delegated to them. 3. The above norms relating to grant of loans and advances will be equally applicable to award of contracts. Yours faithfully, (Deepak Singhal) Chief General Manager-in-Charge
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2011-12/385 · issued 03 Feb 2012. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
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Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=6985&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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