HomeCirculars › RBI/2011-12/445

Bank Rate Hiked to 9.50%: Technical Alignment with MSF

No longer current — withdrawn, no replacement on file yet
Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2011-12/445 · issued 15 Mar 2012 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI raised the Bank Rate from 6% to 9.50% effective Feb 13, 2012, aligning it with the MSF rate. This is a one-time technical adjustment, not a monetary policy change. Penal rates on reserve shortfalls will also increase accordingly.

What changed

The Bank Rate was increased by 350 basis points from 6.00% to 9.50% per annum, effective from close of business on February 13, 2012. This aligns the Bank Rate with the Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) rate, which is 100 basis points above the policy repo rate. Penal interest rates on shortfalls in reserve requirements (CRR/SLR) are also revised upward as per the linked formula.

What it means for you

For RRBs and cooperative banks, this is a technical realignment—not a signal of tighter monetary policy. However, the higher Bank Rate directly increases penal charges for any reserve shortfalls, raising the cost of non-compliance. Banks using the Bank Rate as a reference for indexation or contracts must update their systems and documentation to reflect the new rate.

Historical instruction — do not use for current compliance. This is what was required at the time; it no longer reflects current RBI requirements. If no replacement rule is linked above, that only means none is recorded on our register yet — it does not prove no later applicable rule exists. Confirm on the official RBI source below.

What banks were required to do at the time

Who it affects

All Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), State and Central Cooperative Banks (StCBs/DCCBs), Banks using Bank Rate as a reference rate for contracts or indexation, Banks with frequent CRR/SLR shortfalls

❓ Common questions

Regulatory timeline

Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).

Why did RBI increase the Bank Rate by 350 bps?

The Bank Rate was kept unchanged at 6% since 2003, while the MSF rate (100 bps above repo rate) had become the effective penal rate. This hike aligns the Bank Rate with the MSF rate as a one-time technical adjustment, not a change in monetary policy stance.

How does this affect penal interest on reserve shortfalls?

Penal rates linked to the Bank Rate increase accordingly. For example, a shortfall previously charged at Bank Rate + 3% (9%) will now be charged at 12.50% (9.50% + 3%). The annex provides the exact revised rates.

Should we treat this as a signal for future repo rate hikes?

No. RBI explicitly states this is a technical alignment, not a monetary policy signal. The policy repo rate and MSF rate remain the primary operating targets.

📜 This document’s life story (1 recorded event, each backed by RBI’s own words)
Repealed by RBI/2025-26/100 — Consolidation of Regulations — Withdrawal of circulars (28 Nov 2025)
RBI’s words: “Official withdrawal register entry #1364: RPCD.CO.RRB.RCB.BC.No.63/07.40.06/2011-12 — "Bank Rate" dated March 15, 2012”
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
Notifications - Reserve Bank of India Skip to main content Selected Selected Change Language हिंदी Search the Website Search Home About Us ▼ About Us Organisation & Functions ▶ Organisation Structure Departments Offices Training Establishment ▶ College of Agricultural Banking Reserve Bank Staff College College of Supervisors RBI's Functions and Working Governors Deputy Governors Executive Directors Communication Policy of RBI Sources of Information ▶ Annual Publications Half-yearly Publications Quarterly Publications Monthly Publications Weekly Publications Occasional Publications SDDS NSDP Data Releases Publications available on Subscription General Information RBI History Museum ▶ The RBI Museum RBI Monetary Museum Notification ▼ Notifications Master Directions Master Circulars Amendment Directions Draft Notifications/Guidelines ▶ Draft Notifications/Guidelines Draft Directions (RE-wise) Index To RBI Circulars Standalone Circulars Circulars Withdrawn Press Releases Speeches & Media Interactions ▼ Speeches Media Interactions Memorial Lectures Podcasts Publications ▼ Biennial Annual Half-Yearly Quarterly Bi-monthly Monthly Weekly Occasional Reports Working Papers Legal Framework ▼ Act Rules Regulations Schemes Research ▼ External Research Schemes RBI Occasional Papers Working Papers RBI Bulletin History DRG Studies KLEMS State Statistics and Finances Statistics ▼ Data Releases Database on Indian Economy Public Debt Statistics Regulatory Reporting ▼ List of Returns Data Definition Validation rules/ Taxonomy List of RBI Reporting Portals FAQs of RBI Reporting Portals Home Notifications Notifications ( 487 kb ) RRBs/StCBs/DCCBs – Bank Rate Increased RBI/2011-12/445 RPCD.CO.RRB.RCB.BC.No.63/07.40.06/2011-12 March 15, 2012 The Chairmen/Chief Executive Officers, All Regional Rural Banks / State and Central Co-operative Banks Dear Sir, Bank Rate Section 49 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 requires the Reserve Bank to make public (from time to time) the standard rate at which it is prepared to buy or re-discount bills of exchange or other commercial paper eligible for purchase under that Act. 2. Being the discount rate, the Bank Rate should technically be higher than the policy repo rate. The Bank Rate has, however, been kept unchanged at 6 per cent since April 2003. This was mainly for the reason that monetary policy signalling was done through modulations in the reverse repo rate and the repo rate under the Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF) (till May 3, 2011) and the policy repo rate under the revised operating procedure of monetary policy (from May 3, 2011 onwards). Moreover, under the revised operating procedure, marginal standing facility (MSF), instituted at 100 basis points above the policy repo rate, has been in operation, which in many ways serves the purpose of the Bank Rate. 3. While the policy repo rate and the MSF rate have become operational, the Bank Rate continues to remain at 6 per cent. Currently, the Bank Rate acts as the penal rate charged on banks for shortfalls in meeting their reserve requirements (cash reserve ratio and statutory liquidity ratio). The Bank Rate is also used by several other organisations as a reference rate for indexation purposes. 4. The Reserve Bank has consulted various organizations/stakeholders relying on the Bank Rate as a reference rate. Based on the feedback received, it is determined that the Bank Rate should normally stay aligned to the MSF rate. Accordingly, it has been decided that with effect from the close of business of February 13, 2012, the Bank Rate will stand increased by 350 basis points, i.e., from 6.00 per cent per annum to 9.50 per cent per annum. This should be viewed and understood as one-time technical adjustment to align the Bank Rate with the MSF rate rather than a change in the monetary policy stance. 5. All penal interest rates on shortfall in reserve requirements, which are specifically linked to the Bank Rate, will also stand revised as indicated in the Annex . 6. Please acknowledge receipt of this circular to the Regional Office concerned . Yours faithfully, (C.D.Srinivasan) Chief General Manager Encl: as above Annex Penal Interest Rates which are linked to the Bank Rate Item Existing Rate New Rate (Effective close of business on February 13, 2012) Penal interest rates on shortfalls in reserve requirements (depending on duration of shortfalls). Bank Rate plus 3.0 percentage points (9.00 per cent) or Bank Rate plus 5.0 percentage points (11.00 per cent). 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Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2011-12/445 · issued 15 Mar 2012. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
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