HomeCirculars › RBI/2012-13/328

RBI Tightens NBFC Fraud Reporting Rules

Deposits / Interest Rates
Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 20 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
Issued by RBI: 13 Dec 2012  ·  Decoded by BankPulse: 19 Jun 2026, 22:53 IST
⏱ ~2 min read
📄 Official RBI source ↗
Quick answerRBI mandates NBFCs-ND-SI to report frauds of Rs 25 lakh+ to DBS Central Office within three weeks (21 days) via FMR-1, with a copy to the regional DNBS office. FMR-3 quarterly reports should be filed with DBS CO only for frauds of Rs 25 lakh or above; for smaller frauds (Rs 1 lakh and above), file only with the regional DNBS office within 15 days of quarter end. Fraud closure requires prior approval from the regional DNBS office and completion of all actions: police/CBI disposal, staff accountability, recovery/write-off, insurance settlement, and system review.

What changed

RBI observed that some NBFCs were not filing FMR-1 for frauds of Rs 25 lakh and above, delaying caution advice issuance. Now, FMR-1 must be sent to DBS Central Office within 21 days for all such cases, with a copy to the regional DNBS office. FMR-3 quarterly reports should only be filed with DBS CO for frauds of Rs 25 lakh or more; smaller frauds go only to the regional office. Fraud closure now requires prior approval from the regional DNBS office and completion of police/CBI disposal, staff accountability, recovery/write-off, insurance settlement, and system review.

What it means for you

NBFCs-ND-SI must tighten internal fraud detection and reporting processes to avoid delays. The stricter closure norms ensure fraud cases are not prematurely closed, reducing systemic risk. NBFCs should expect more rigorous follow-up from RBI on pending fraud cases, especially those involving high amounts.

What you must do

Who it affects

All Non-Deposit taking NBFCs-ND-SIs

What is the deadline for filing FMR-1 for frauds of Rs 25 lakh and above?

FMR-1 must be filed within 21 days from the date of detection of the fraud.

Can we close a fraud case if the police complaint is still pending?

No, fraud cases can only be closed after prior approval from the regional DNBS office and completion of all required actions, including final disposal by CBI/police/court, staff accountability, recovery/write-off, insurance settlement, and system review.

Where should we file FMR-3 for frauds involving less than Rs 25 lakh?

FMR-3 for frauds involving less than Rs 25 lakh should be filed only with the Regional Office of DNBS under whose jurisdiction the NBFC's registered office falls, not with DBS Central Office.

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Key termsPlain-English definitions of terms in this circular — see the full Indian banking glossary. Repo rate · CASA · Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) · Deposit insurance (DICGC)
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AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · decoded & published by BankPulse · 19 Jun 2026, 22:53 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=7746&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.