Current · Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2012-13/509 · issued 27 May 2013 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI restricts advances against gold coins to 50 grams per customer and extends the ban on loans against gold bullion to gold ETFs and gold mutual funds, effective May 27, 2013.
The rule, in the simplest words
Banks cannot give a loan for gold coins that weigh more than 50 grams total for one customer.
Banks cannot give loans against gold ETF (a fund that holds gold) or gold mutual fund (a pool of gold investments) units, because they are like gold bullion (big gold bars).
If a customer wants a loan using gold coins, the coins must weigh 50 grams or less, and the loan amount must follow the bank's own rules set by its board (top leaders).
How it plays out — a real example
A forex & trade-finance officer in Mumbai is reviewing a customer's request for a loan against three gold coins weighing 20 grams each. She checks that the total weight is 60 grams, which is over the 50-gram limit per customer, so she tells the customer she can only accept coins up to 50 grams total. She also remembers that she cannot accept the customer's gold ETF units as collateral, because the RBI says those are like bullion and loans against them are banned.
What changed
RBI now caps advances against specially minted gold coins at 50 grams per customer, closing a loophole where larger coins could bypass bullion lending restrictions. It also clarifies that loans against units of gold ETFs and gold mutual funds are prohibited, as these are backed by bullion.
What it means for you
Banks must enforce a 50-gram per-customer limit on gold coin loans and treat gold ETF and gold mutual fund units as bullion, meaning no advances against them. This tightens gold lending norms to prevent circumvention of the existing bullion ban, impacting loan portfolios and customer offerings.
What you must do
Update loan policies to cap gold coin advances at 50 grams per customer.
Stop accepting gold ETF and gold mutual fund units as collateral for loans.
Ensure board-approved limits cover all gold loans (ornaments, jewellery, coins up to 50g).
Review existing gold loan accounts to identify and rectify any non-compliant exposures.
Who it affects
All scheduled commercial banks (excluding RRBs), Gold loan customers, Bank treasury and credit departments
❓ Common questions
Regulatory timeline
Stated effective dateeffective May 27, 2013
Decoded by BankPulse2026-06-18 15:31 IST
Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).
Does this circular affect loans against gold ornaments?
No, loans against gold ornaments and jewellery remain permitted under board-approved policies, as per the 1994 circular. Only gold coins and bullion-linked products are restricted.
Can we still lend against gold coins if the customer has multiple coins?
Yes, but the total weight of all coins per customer must not exceed 50 grams. Any combination of coins is allowed as long as the aggregate weight stays within this limit.
Are gold ETFs and gold mutual funds now completely banned as collateral?
Yes, because they are backed by bullion or primary gold, the 1978 ban on advances against gold bullion applies to them. Banks cannot accept these units as security for loans.
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2012-13/509
DBOD. No. Dir. BC. 96/13.03.00/2012-13
May 27, 2013
All Scheduled Commercial Banks
(excluding RRBs)
Dear Sir/Madam
Lending against Gold
Please refer to paragraph 98 of the Monetary Policy Statement 2013-14 announced on May 3, 2013 ( extract enclosed ) on lending against gold, proposing to restrict the facility of advances against the security of gold coins per customer to gold coins weighing up to 50 gms.
2. As per extant instructions contained in our circular DBOD.Leg.BC.95/ C.124 (P) - 78 dated July 22, 1978, banks should not grant any advance against gold bullion. Banks are currently permitted to grant advances against gold ornaments and jewellery subject to Board approved policies in terms of our circular DBOD.No.BC.138/21.01.023/94 dated November 22, 1994. Since specially minted gold coins sold by banks may not be in the nature of “bullion” or “primary gold”, it was indicated in the mailbox clarification dated April 5, 2011 that there would be no objection to the bank granting loans against these coins. However, as pointed out in the monetary policy statement, there is a risk that some of these coins would be weighing much more, thereby circumventing the Reserve Bank’s guidelines regarding restriction on grant of advance against gold bullion. Accordingly, it is advised that while granting advance against the security of specially minted gold coins sold by them, banks should ensure that the weight of the coin(s) does not exceed 50 grams per customer and the amount of loan to any customer against gold ornaments, gold jewellery and gold coins (weighing up to 50 grams) should be within the Board approved limit.
3. In this context, we have also been receiving references from certain banks asking whether advance against units of gold Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) and gold Mutual Funds is permitted. As these products are backed by bullion/primary gold, it is clarified that the restriction on grant of loan against “gold bullion” stipulated in terms of our circular dated July 22, 1978 referred to at para 2 above, will also be applicable to grant of advance against units of gold ETFs and units of gold Mutual Funds.
4. All other instructions issued in this regard will remain unchanged.
Yours faithfully,
(Prakash Chandra Sahoo)
Chief General Manager
Encl: As above
Extract of Monetary Policy Statement 2013-14
98. As per extant instructions, banks are currently permitted to grant advances against gold ornaments and other jewellery and against specially minted gold coins sold by banks. However, no advances can be granted by banks for purchase of gold in any form, including primary gold, gold bullion, gold jewellery, gold coins, units of gold exchange traded funds and units of gold mutual funds. While there may not be any objection to grant of advances against specially minted gold coins sold by banks, there is a risk that some of these coins would be weighing much more, thereby circumventing the Reserve Bank’s guidelines regarding restrictions on grant of advance against gold bullion. Accordingly, it is proposed to:
restrict the facility of advances against the security of gold coins per customer to gold coins weighing up to 50 gms.
Detailed guidelines will be issued by end-May 2013.
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2012-13/509 · issued 27 May 2013. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
Stop accepting gold ETF and gold mutual fund units as collateral for loans.
📜 Compliance
Update loan policies to cap gold coin advances at 50 grams per customer.
Ensure board-approved limits cover all gold loans (ornaments, jewellery, coins up to 50g).
Review existing gold loan accounts to identify and rectify any non-compliant exposures.
Grouped from the action items above — a single circular may involve more than one team.
Worked example & action-note template
Example: if you are a Compliance officer at a bank this circular applies to (All scheduled commercial banks (excluding RRBs), Gold loan customers, Bank treasury and credit departments), your first concrete step on “RBI caps gold coin loan per customer at 50 grams” is: “Update loan policies to cap gold coin advances at 50 grams per customer.” (RBI issued this 27 May 2013).
Circular: RBI/2012-13/509 -- RBI caps gold coin loan per customer at 50 grams
Issued: 27 May 2013
Action required: Update loan policies to cap gold coin advances at 50 grams per customer.
Action required: Stop accepting gold ETF and gold mutual fund units as collateral for loans.
Action required: Ensure board-approved limits cover all gold loans (ornaments, jewellery, coins up to 50g).
Action required: Review existing gold loan accounts to identify and rectify any non-compliant exposures.
Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________
Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.
💬 Banker Discussion
Discuss this circular with fellow bankers — reply, upvote what helps, report what doesn’t belong. Be professional; no client data. Views are the commenter’s own, not BankPulse’s.
BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=7997&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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