ECB for Holding Companies/CICs for Infrastructure SPVs (2013)
Current · Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2013-14/397 · issued 03 Dec 2013 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI permitted Holding Companies and Core Investment Companies to raise ECB for infrastructure SPVs. Proceeds can fund fresh capex (automatic/approval route) or refinance existing rupee loans (approval route). CICs must ensure outside liabilities including ECB do not exceed 2.5 times adjusted net worth; CICs with asset size below Rs 100 crore need full hedging.
The rule, in the simplest words
Holding Companies and Core Investment Companies (CICs) can borrow money from abroad (ECB) to fund infrastructure projects through a special vehicle (SPV).
The borrowed money can be used for new construction costs (fresh capex) or to replace existing rupee loans (refinancing), but refinancing needs the bank’s approval.
The SPV must be created only for that infrastructure project and the ECB proceeds must be kept in a separate escrow account that the bank monitors.
For CICs, the total outside debts, including the ECB, must not exceed 2.5 times their adjusted net worth.
CICs whose total assets are below Rs 100 crore must fully hedge the ECB to protect against currency risk.
How it plays out — a real example
Raj, a loan officer at a Mumbai bank, helps a CIC with assets of Rs 80 crore raise an ECB for a new highway SPV. He checks that the SPV is only for that project, sets up an escrow account for the proceeds, confirms the CIC’s leverage ratio is below 2.5× net worth, and ensures the ECB is fully hedged before approving the loan.
What changed
RBI allowed Holding Companies and Core Investment Companies (CICs) under its regulatory framework to raise ECB for project use in infrastructure SPVs. The ECB can be used for fresh capital expenditure (automatic/approval route) or refinancing existing rupee loans (approval route). CICs must ensure outside liabilities including ECB do not exceed 2.5 times adjusted net worth, and those with asset size below Rs 100 crore must fully hedge the ECB.
What it means for you
Banks can facilitate ECB for holding companies/CICs funding infrastructure SPVs, expanding the funding pool for infrastructure. Lenders must ensure SPVs are exclusively for infrastructure projects and that ECB proceeds are kept in a separate escrow account with strict end-use monitoring. For CICs, banks need to verify leverage ratios (outside liabilities including ECB not more than 2.5 times adjusted net worth) and hedging requirements (full hedging for CICs with asset size below Rs 100 crore) before processing.
What you must do
Verify that the SPV is exclusively for an infrastructure project as per ECB guidelines.
Ensure ECB proceeds are used only for fresh capex (automatic/approval route) or refinancing rupee loans (approval route) within prescribed limits.
Monitor that ECB proceeds are kept in a separate escrow account and used only for permissible end-uses.
For CICs, confirm outside liabilities including ECB do not exceed 2.5 times adjusted net worth; for CICs with asset size below Rs 100 crore, ensure full hedging.
Advise customers that ECB can be raised up to 3 years after SPV's commercial operations date.
Can ECB proceeds be used for any purpose other than fresh capex or refinancing?
No, ECB proceeds can only be used for fresh capital expenditure (automatic/approval route) or refinancing existing rupee loans (under approval route) for capex as per extant norms.
What is the leverage limit for CICs raising ECB?
CICs must ensure their outside liabilities including ECB do not exceed 2.5 times their adjusted net worth as per the last audited balance sheet.
Is hedging mandatory for all CICs raising ECB?
No, only CICs with asset size below Rs 100 crore must raise ECB on a fully hedged basis.
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2013-14/397
A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 78
December 3, 2013
To
All Authorised Dealer Category I Banks
Madam / Sir
External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) by Holding Companies / Core Investment Companies for the project use in Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs)
Attention of Authorized Dealer Category-I (AD Category-I) banks is invited to the A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 5 dated August 1, 2005 as amended from time to time relating to the External Commercial Borrowings (ECB).
2. In order to strengthen the flow of resources to infrastructure sector, it has been decided to permit Holding Companies / Core Investment Companies (CICs) coming under the regulatory framework of the Reserve Bank to raise ECB under the automatic route/approval route, as the case may be, for project use in Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) with the following terms and conditions:
The business activity of the SPV should be in the infrastructure sector where “infrastructure” is defined as per the extant ECB guidelines;
The infrastructure project is required to be implemented by the SPV established exclusively for implementing the project;
The ECB proceeds is utilized either for fresh capital expenditure (capex) or for refinancing of existing Rupee loans (under the approval route) availed of from the domestic banking system for capex as per the extant norms on refinancing;
The ECB for SPV can be raised up to 3 years after the Commercial Operations Date of the SPV;
The SPV should give an undertaking that no other method of funding, such as, trade credit (if for import of capital goods), etc. will be utilized for that portion of fresh capital expenditure financed through ECB proceeds;
The ECB proceeds should be kept in a separate escrow account as per the extant guidelines on parking of ECB proceeds pending utilization for permissible end-uses and use of such proceeds should be strictly monitored by the ADs for permissible uses;
In case of Holding Companies that come under the Core Investment Company (CIC) regulatory framework of the Reserve Bank, the additional terms and conditions for raising ECB for project use in SPVs will be as under:
a) The ECB availed is within the ceiling of leverage stipulated for CICs, i.e., their outside liabilities including ECB cannot be more than 2.5 times of their adjusted net worth as on the date of the last audited balance sheet; and
b) In case of CICs with asset size below Rupees 100 crore, the ECB availed of should be on fully hedged basis.
3. The above modifications to the ECB guidelines will come into force with immediate effect. All other aspects of extant ECB guidelines (including provisions contained in A.P. (DIR Series) Circulars No. 25 and 111 dated September 23, 2011 and April 20, 2012 to the effect that maximum 25 per cent of ECB raised by the infrastructure companies can be utilised for refinancing of the Rupee loans availed from the domestic banking system (40 per cent in case of power sector) under the approval route) shall remain unchanged.
4. AD Category-I banks may bring the contents of this circular to the notice of their constituents and customers.
5. The directions contained in this circular have been issued under sections 10(4) and 11(1) of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (42 of 1999) and are without prejudice to permissions / approvals, if any, required under any other law.
Yours faithfully
C D Srinivasan
Chief General Manager
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2013-14/397 · issued 03 Dec 2013. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
Advise customers that ECB can be raised up to 3 years after SPV's commercial operations date.
📜 Compliance
Verify that the SPV is exclusively for an infrastructure project as per ECB guidelines.
Ensure ECB proceeds are used only for fresh capex (automatic/approval route) or refinancing rupee loans (approval route) within prescribed limits.
Monitor that ECB proceeds are kept in a separate escrow account and used only for permissible end-uses.
For CICs, confirm outside liabilities including ECB do not exceed 2.5 times adjusted net worth; for CICs with asset size below Rs 100 crore, ensure full hedging.
Grouped from the action items above — a single circular may involve more than one team.
Worked example & action-note template
Example: if you are a Compliance officer at a bank this circular applies to (Authorised Dealer Category I Banks, Holding Companies, Core Investment Companies (CICs), Infrastructure SPVs), your first concrete step on “ECB for Holding Companies/CICs for Infrastructure SPVs (2013)” is: “Verify that the SPV is exclusively for an infrastructure project as per ECB guidelines.” (RBI issued this 03 Dec 2013).
Circular: RBI/2013-14/397 -- ECB for Holding Companies/CICs for Infrastructure SPVs (2013)
Issued: 03 Dec 2013
Action required: Verify that the SPV is exclusively for an infrastructure project as per ECB guidelines.
Action required: Ensure ECB proceeds are used only for fresh capex (automatic/approval route) or refinancing rupee loans (approval route) within prescribed limits.
Action required: Monitor that ECB proceeds are kept in a separate escrow account and used only for permissible end-uses.
Action required: For CICs, confirm outside liabilities including ECB do not exceed 2.5 times adjusted net worth; for CICs with asset size below Rs 100 crore, ensure full hedging.
Action required: Advise customers that ECB can be raised up to 3 years after SPV's commercial operations date.
Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________
Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.
💬 Banker Discussion
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BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=8616&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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