HomeCirculars › RBI/2020-21/105

FPI Investment in Defaulted Bonds: Relaxations

Current · Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2020-21/105 · issued 26 Feb 2021 · ~1 min read
Quick answerRBI exempts FPI investments in defaulted corporate bonds from short-term limit and minimum residual maturity requirements under the MTF, easing rules for distressed debt investments.
The rule, in the simplest words
How it plays out — a real example

Rahul, a branch operations officer in Indore, can now expect increased FPI participation in defaulted bonds, potentially improving liquidity and pricing in the distressed debt market. This may help in faster resolution of stressed assets and provide an additional exit route for lenders holding defaulted paper.

What changed

FPI investments in defaulted NCDs/bonds are now exempt from the minimum residual maturity requirement, short-term investment limit, and investor limit that normally apply to corporate bond investments. Previously, only security receipts, ARC debt instruments, and CIRP resolution plan instruments enjoyed such exemptions.

What it means for you

Banks and lenders can now expect increased FPI participation in defaulted bonds, potentially improving liquidity and pricing in the distressed debt market. This may help in faster resolution of stressed assets and provide an additional exit route for lenders holding defaulted paper.

What you must do

Who it affects

Authorised Dealer Category-I banks, Foreign Portfolio Investors, Corporate bond issuers in default, Lenders holding defaulted bonds

❓ Common questions

What specific requirements are waived for FPI investments in defaulted bonds?

The minimum residual maturity requirement, short-term investment limit, and investor limit under the MTF are exempted for FPIs investing in defaulted NCDs/bonds.

Does this circular apply to all defaulted bonds?

Yes, it applies to NCDs/bonds that are under default, either fully or partly, in repayment of principal on maturity or principal instalment in the case of amortising bonds.

When did this circular become effective?

The circular was issued on February 26, 2021, and the relaxation was announced in the Statement on Developmental and Regulatory Policies dated February 5, 2021.

📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2020-21/105 A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 12 February 26, 2021 To All Authorised persons Madam / Sir, Investment by Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPI) in Defaulted Bonds - Relaxations Attention of Authorised Dealer Category-I (AD Category-I) banks is invited to Foreign Exchange Management (Debt Instruments) Regulations, 2019 notified vide Notification No. FEMA. 396/2019-RB dated October 17, 2019 , as amended from time to time, and the relevant directions issued thereunder. A reference is also invited to A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 31 dated November 26, 2015 wherein FPIs were permitted to acquire NCDs/bonds, which are under default, either fully or partly, in the repayment of principal on maturity or principal instalment in the case of amortising bond, and to A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 31 dated June 15, 2018 (hereinafter, Directions), as amended from time to time. 2. Attention of AD Category-I banks is also invited to para 12 of Statement on Developmental and Regulatory Policies dated February 05, 2021 , wherein it was announced that FPI investment in defaulted corporate bonds will be exempted from the short-term limit and the minimum residual maturity requirement under the MTF. 3. Currently, FPI investments in corporate bonds are subject to a minimum residual maturity requirement, short-term investment limit (paragraph 4 (b)(ii)) and the investor limit (paragraph 4(f)(i)) in terms of the Directions. However, FPI investments in security receipts and debt instruments issued by Asset Reconstruction Companies and debt instruments issued by an entity under the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process as per the resolution plan approved by the National Company Law Tribunal under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 are exempt from these requirements. It has now been decided to exempt investments by FPI in NCDs/bonds which are under default, either fully or partly, in the repayment of principal on maturity or principal instalment in the case of amortising bond from the aforesaid requirements. 4. The updated Directions are attached. 5. These directions are issued under sections 10(4) and 11(1) of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (42 of 1999) and are without prejudice to permissions/ approvals, if any, required under any other law. Yours faithfully (Dimple Bhandia) Chief General Manager
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2020-21/105 · issued 26 Feb 2021. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
🧰 Tools — save, print, templates & related
Worked example & action-note template

Example: if you are a Compliance officer at a bank this circular applies to (Authorised Dealer Category-I banks, Foreign Portfolio Investors, Corporate bond issuers in default, Lenders holding defaulted bonds), your first concrete step on “FPI Investment in Defaulted Bonds: Relaxations” is: “Update internal FPI compliance checklists to reflect the new exemptions for defaulted bonds.” (RBI issued this 26 Feb 2021).

  1. Circular: RBI/2020-21/105 -- FPI Investment in Defaulted Bonds: Relaxations
  2. Issued: 26 Feb 2021
  3. Action required: Update internal FPI compliance checklists to reflect the new exemptions for defaulted bonds.
  4. Action required: Advise FPI clients on the relaxed rules for investing in defaulted NCDs/bonds.
  5. Action required: Review existing FPI investment agreements to align with the updated directions.
  6. Action required: Monitor FPI flows into defaulted bonds to assess impact on your bond portfolio.
  7. Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
  8. Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
  9. Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________
Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.

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BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly).
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12037&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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