HomeCirculars › RBI/2021-22/02

Master Circular: Detection & Impounding of Counterfeit Notes

Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 19 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
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Quick answerRBI updated its master circular on counterfeit note handling, effective April 1, 2021. Banks must machine-check all notes, never return fakes, and report detections to police. Non-compliance invites penalties for wilful circulation.

What changed

The previous master circular (July 1, 2020) was updated to include instructions issued up to April 1, 2021. The new circular consolidates all operational directives on counterfeit note detection and impounding.

What it means for you

Banks must ensure all counter and bulk tenders are machine-verified for authenticity. Counterfeit notes must be stamped, impounded, and never returned to the tenderer. Failure to impound will be treated as wilful involvement in circulating fakes, attracting penalties.

What you must do

Who it affects

All scheduled commercial banks, Cooperative banks, Regional rural banks, Treasuries and sub-treasuries, RBI issue offices

What happens if a bank fails to impound a counterfeit note?

RBI considers this wilful involvement in circulating counterfeit notes and will impose penalties on the bank.

How should banks report counterfeit note detections to police?

For up to 4 notes in a single transaction, send a consolidated monthly report. For 5 or more notes, report immediately to the nodal police station.

Track this rule
⏳ How this rule evolved — History Map →Full RBI rulebook crosswalk →
Official source: RBI/2021-22/02 on rbi.org.in ↗
AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · published · 19 Jun 2026, 12:25 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12053&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.