Private Sector Banks as RBI Agency Banks: New Guidelines
Current · Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2021-22/36 · issued 10 May 2021 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI has lifted the embargo on allocating government business to private sector banks, effective from the date of the circular (May 10, 2021). Existing private sector agency banks can continue without fresh approval; new banks need an agreement with RBI and must not be under PCA or moratorium at the time of application or signing the agreement.
The rule, in the simplest words
Private sector banks can now handle government agency business, but must not be under PCA or moratorium.
Existing private sector agency banks can continue current government business without fresh RBI approval.
New private sector banks must apply for agency bank status by executing an agreement with RBI.
How it plays out — a real example
Rahul, an agency-banking (government business) officer in Indore, is excited to learn that his bank can now handle government agency business. He helps his bank apply for agency bank status and executes an agreement with RBI. With this new opportunity, Rahul's bank can now expand its services and offer more benefits to its customers.
What changed
The embargo imposed by DFS in September 2012 on allocating government business to private sector banks was lifted on February 24, 2021. RBI has revised guidelines to allow scheduled private sector banks to be appointed as agency banks for government business, subject to conditions.
What it means for you
Private sector banks can now expand into government agency business, increasing competition and revenue opportunities. Banks under PCA or moratorium are excluded. The choice of accrediting an agency bank rests with government departments, giving them flexibility.
What you must do
Existing private sector agency banks: continue current government business without fresh RBI approval; for new business, follow the 2012 circular and get approval from DGBA.
New private sector banks: apply for agency bank status by executing an agreement with RBI, ensuring you are not under PCA or moratorium.
Coordinate with O/o CGA for central government business or state finance departments for state business to get accreditation proposals forwarded to RBI.
Who it affects
All scheduled commercial banks in India, Existing private sector agency banks, Private sector banks not yet agency banks, Central and state government departments
❓ Common questions
Can existing private sector agency banks continue their current government business without any action?
Yes, they can continue without fresh approval. For new or additional government business, they need approval from DGBA as per the 2012 circular.
What disqualifies a private sector bank from becoming an agency bank?
A bank under Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) framework or moratorium at the time of application or signing the agreement with RBI is not eligible.
Who decides which bank gets government business?
The concerned central government department or state government has the sole discretion to accredit an agency bank for their business.
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2021-22/36
CO.DGBA.GBD.No.S77/42.01.033/2021-22
May 10, 2021
All Scheduled Commercial Banks in India
Dear Sir / Madam
Government Agency Business Arrangement – Appointment of Scheduled Private Sector Banks as Agency Banks of Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
Please refer to RBI Circular RBI/2011-2012/377; DGBA.GAD.No.H-5029/42.01.033/2011-12 dated January 31, 2012 on the captioned subject.
2. In this regard it is informed that the embargo put in place from September 2012 by Department of Financial Services (DFS), Ministry of Finance (MoF) on further allocation of Government business to private sector banks has since been lifted by them vide their communication dated February 24, 2021.
3. Based on the above developments, the existing guidelines on appointment of Scheduled Private Sector Banks as Agency Banks of RBI have been reviewed and the revised guidelines/framework for authorising Scheduled Private Sector Banks as agency banks of RBI for conduct of government business attracting agency commission are as follows:
(i) For existing Private Sector Agency Banks (already having agency banking agreement with RBI):
(a) Such existing private Sector Agency bank with whom RBI already has agency banking agreement and who are authorized to do government agency business for Civil/Non-Civil Ministry/Department (for Central Government) or concerned department of a State Government (for State Government) may continue to do these government agency business for Central and/or State Governments without taking any fresh approval from RBI.
(b) For the purpose of undertaking fresh/additional government agency business by these existing private sector agency banks, after obtaining approval from O/o CGA (for Central Government) or the Finance Department of the State Government (for State Government) they need to obtain approval from DGBA, CO as per the Circular no. RBI/2011-2012/377; DGBA.GAD.No.H-5029/42.01.033/2011-12 dated January 31, 2012 .
(ii) For other private sector banks (not having agency banking agreement with RBI)
Scheduled private sector banks, not having agency banking agreement with RBI, but intend to handle Government agency business, may be appointed as agents of RBI upon execution of an agreement with RBI. This will be subject to the condition that the concerned bank is not under Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) framework or moratorium at the time of making the application or signing of the agreement with RBI.
(iii) The choice of accrediting an agency bank (including scheduled private sector agency bank) for any particular government agency business rests solely with the concerned Central Government Departments /State Governments. Further, Government Departments /State Governments have the option to discontinue the arrangement after giving notice to the concerned agency banks, keeping RBI informed.
(iv) The procedure to be followed to accredit an agency bank (including scheduled private sector agency bank) will be as under:
For Central Government/Union Territory business: For Central Government/Union Territory business, the concerned Civil/Non-Civil Ministry/Department may work out the arrangement with the agency bank and send the proposal of accreditation of the agency bank/providing new/additional government agency business to the O/o CGA for examination. The O/o CGA will forward their recommendation on the proposal to DGBA CO and on consideration, RBI will formally authorise the agency bank as accredited bank/ for providing the new/additional government agency business to the concerned Civil/ Non-civil Ministry/Department.
For State Government business: The concerned Department of the State Government may work out the arrangement and approach the Finance Department of the State Government which will recommend the proposal for accreditation of the agency bank/providing new/additional government agency business to the concerned Regional Director of RBI, who will forward the case with his/her comments to the DGBA, CO for approval and further action. On consideration, RBI will formally authorise the agency bank as accredited bank/for providing the new/additional government agency business to the concerned State Government.
(v) Once RBI authorises a bank for any Government business, separate approval from RBI with regard to mode (physical or e-mode) and area of operations is not required and the same will be decided by the O/o CGA (for Central Government) or the Finance Department of the State Government, keeping RBI informed in the matter.
(vi) It may please be noted that performance of the agency banks, on a matrix of various Government initiatives and Schemes, may be reviewed from time to time by the Government in consultation with RBI based on which the permission given to the concerned bank to undertake Government business could be potentially withdrawn.
4. The revised guidelines come into effect from the date of the circular.
Yours faithfully
(R. Kamalakannan)
Chief General Manager
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2021-22/36 · issued 10 May 2021. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
Example: if you are a Compliance officer at a bank this circular applies to (All scheduled commercial banks in India, Existing private sector agency banks, Private sector banks not yet agency banks, Central and state government departments), your first concrete step on “Private Sector Banks as RBI Agency Banks: New Guidelines” is: “Existing private sector agency banks: continue current government business without fresh RBI approval; for new business, follow the 2012 circular and get approval from DGBA.” (RBI issued this 10 May 2021).
Circular: RBI/2021-22/36 -- Private Sector Banks as RBI Agency Banks: New Guidelines
Issued: 10 May 2021
Action required: Existing private sector agency banks: continue current government business without fresh RBI approval; for new business, follow the 2012 circular and get approval from DGBA.
Action required: New private sector banks: apply for agency bank status by executing an agreement with RBI, ensuring you are not under PCA or moratorium.
Action required: Coordinate with O/o CGA for central government business or state finance departments for state business to get accreditation proposals forwarded to RBI.
Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________
Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.
💬 Banker Discussion
Discuss this circular with fellow bankers — reply, upvote what helps, report what doesn’t belong. Be professional; no client data. Views are the commenter’s own, not BankPulse’s.
BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12090&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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