HomeCirculars › RBI/2022-23/07

Master Circular on Counterfeit Note Detection and Impounding

Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 19 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
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Quick answerRBI updated its Master Circular on detecting and impounding counterfeit notes, effective April 1, 2022. Banks must machine-check all notes, never return fakes to customers, and report detections to police. Non-compliance invites penalties for wilful circulation.

What changed

The RBI updated the previous year's Master Circular (dated April 1, 2021) by incorporating all instructions issued up to April 1, 2022. The updated circular is now available on the RBI website, consolidating operational directives on counterfeit note handling.

What it means for you

Banks must ensure all over-the-counter and bulk tender notes are machine-verified for authenticity. Counterfeit notes must be stamped, impounded, and never returned to the tenderer; failure to do so is treated as wilful involvement in circulating fakes, attracting penalties. Banks must also issue receipts to tenderers and report detections to police as per prescribed procedures.

What you must do

Who it affects

All scheduled commercial banks, Currency chest operators, Bank branch staff handling cash, Bank compliance and vigilance departments

What should a bank do if a customer tenders a counterfeit note at the counter?

The note must be machine-checked, stamped 'COUNTERFEIT NOTE', impounded, and recorded in a register. An acknowledgement receipt must be issued to the tenderer, even if they refuse to sign it. The note cannot be returned or destroyed.

What are the penalties for not impounding a detected counterfeit note?

Failure to impound is considered wilful involvement in circulating counterfeit notes, and the RBI will impose penalties on the bank.

How should banks report counterfeit note detections to the police?

For up to four counterfeit pieces in a single transaction, a consolidated monthly report must be sent to the police. For larger numbers, immediate reporting is required as per the circular's annexures.

Track this rule
⏳ How this rule evolved — History Map →Full RBI rulebook crosswalk →
Official source: RBI/2022-23/07 on rbi.org.in ↗
AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · published · 19 Jun 2026, 10:03 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12273&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.