RBI Clarifies AIF Investment Rules for Banks and NBFCs
No longer current — withdrawn, no replacement on file yet
Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2023-24/140 · issued 27 Mar 2024 · ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI has clarified that downstream investments exclude equity of debtor companies but include hybrids, provisioning is only on the portion invested in the debtor, and deduction from capital applies equally to Tier-1 and Tier-2. Fund-of-funds and mutual fund routes are excluded.
What changed
The RBI issued clarifications on its December 2023 circular on AIF investments. Downstream investments now exclude equity of the debtor company but include hybrid instruments. Provisioning is required only on the portion of the RE's investment that flows to the debtor, not the entire AIF investment. Deduction from capital for subordinated units applies equally to Tier-1 and Tier-2 capital.
What it means for you
Banks and NBFCs get relief as provisioning is now limited to the actual exposure to the debtor, reducing capital charge. The exclusion of equity investments from downstream definition narrows the scope of the circular. However, subordinated units still attract capital deduction, and fund-of-funds or mutual fund investments remain outside the circular's ambit.
Historical instruction — do not use for current compliance. This is what was required at the time; it no longer reflects current RBI requirements. If no replacement rule is linked above, that only means none is recorded on our register yet — it does not prove no later applicable rule exists. Confirm on the official RBI source below.
What banks were required to do at the time
Review AIF portfolios to identify downstream investments in debtor companies and calculate provisioning only on the portion invested in the debtor.
Ensure capital deduction for subordinated units is applied equally from Tier-1 and Tier-2 capital.
Exclude equity investments in debtor companies from downstream investment calculations.
Verify that investments through fund-of-funds or mutual funds are not subject to the circular's requirements.
Who it affects
All Commercial Banks including Small Finance Banks, Local Area Banks, RRBs, Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks, State Co-operative Banks, Central Co-operative Banks, All-India Financial Institutions, Non-Banking Financial Companies including Housing Finance Companies
❓ Common questions
Regulatory timeline
Decoded by BankPulse2026-06-18 03:38 IST
repealed_by — Consolidation of Regulations — Withdrawal of circulars (28 Nov 2025)
Status change: withdrawn03 Aug 2026, 04:00 IST
Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).
What is excluded from downstream investments under the new clarification?
Downstream investments exclude investments in equity shares of the debtor company of the regulated entity, but include all other investments, including hybrid instruments.
How is provisioning calculated for AIF investments that go to a debtor company?
Provisioning is required only to the extent of the RE's investment in the AIF scheme that is further invested by the AIF in the debtor company, not on the entire investment in the AIF scheme.
Are investments through fund-of-funds or mutual funds covered by this circular?
No, investments by REs in AIFs through intermediaries such as fund of funds or mutual funds are not included in the scope of the circular.
📜 This document’s life story (1 recorded event, each backed by RBI’s own words)
Repealed byRBI/2025-26/100 — Consolidation of Regulations — Withdrawal of circulars (28 Nov 2025)
RBI’s words: “Official withdrawal register entry #132: DOR.STR.REC.85/21.04.048/2023-24 — "Investments in Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs)" dated March 27, 2024”
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2023-24/140
DOR.STR.REC.85/21.04.048/2023-24
March 27, 2024
All Commercial Banks (including Small Finance Banks, Local Area Banks and Regional Rural Banks)
All Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks/State Co-operative Banks/ Central Co-operative Banks
All All-India Financial Institutions
All Non-Banking Financial Companies (including Housing Finance Companies)
Investments in Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs)
Please refer to the circular DOR.STR.REC.58/21.04.048/2023-24 dated December 19, 2023 (‘Circular’) on the captioned subject, in terms of which instructions were issued to address certain regulatory concerns relating to investment by regulated entities (REs) in the AIFs.
2. With a view to ensuring uniformity in implementation among the REs, and to address the concerns flagged in various representations received from stakeholders, it is advised as under:
(i) Downstream investments referred to in paragraph 2 (i) of the Circular shall exclude investments in equity shares of the debtor company of the RE, but shall include all other investments, including investment in hybrid instruments.
(ii) Provisioning in terms of paragraph 2(iii) of the Circular shall be required only to the extent of investment by the RE in the AIF scheme which is further invested by the AIF in the debtor company, and not on the entire investment of the RE in the AIF scheme.
(iii) Paragraph 3 of the Circular shall only be applicable in cases where the AIF does not have any downstream investment in a debtor company of the RE. If the RE has investment in subordinated units of an AIF scheme, which also has downstream exposure to the debtor company, then the RE shall be required to comply with paragraph 2 of the Circular.
(iv) Further with regard to paragraph 3 of the Circular:
proposed deduction from capital shall take place equally from both Tier-1 and Tier-2 capital.
reference to investment in subordinated units of AIF Scheme includes all forms of subordinated exposures, including investment in the nature of sponsor units.
(v) Investments by REs in AIFs through intermediaries such as fund of funds or mutual funds are not included in the scope of the Circular.
3. The above instructions have been issued in exercise of the powers conferred by Sections 21 and 35A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 read with Section 56 of the Act ibid; Chapter IIIB of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 and Sections 30A, 32 and 33 of the National Housing Bank Act, 1987.
Yours faithfully,
(Vaibhav Chaturvedi)
Chief General Manager
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2023-24/140 · issued 27 Mar 2024. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
Discuss this circular with fellow bankers — reply, upvote what helps, report what doesn’t belong. Be professional; no client data. Views are the commenter’s own, not BankPulse’s.
BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12639&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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