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RBI Revamps Bank Investment Portfolio Rules: New Classification & Valuation Norms

Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 19 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
⏱ ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI issued revised Master Directions on classification, valuation, and operation of investment portfolios for commercial banks (excluding RRBs), effective April 1, 2024. Key changes include symmetric fair value treatment, a defined trading book under Held for Trading, removal of the 90-day HFT holding cap and HTM ceilings, plus enhanced disclosures.

What changed

The 2023 Directions replace the 2021 framework, which was based on October 2000 standards. The update introduces symmetric fair value gains/losses treatment, a clearly identifiable trading book under Held for Trading (HFT), removal of the 90-day ceiling on HFT holding period, removal of ceilings on Held to Maturity (HTM), and more detailed investment portfolio disclosures.

What it means for you

Banks must align investment classification and valuation with updated global standards and domestic market progress. The symmetric fair value treatment will impact profit and loss volatility, while the removal of HTM ceilings offers greater flexibility in portfolio management. Enhanced disclosures will increase transparency for regulators and stakeholders.

What you must do

Who it affects

All commercial banks (excluding Regional Rural Banks), Treasury departments, Risk management teams, Compliance and finance functions

When do these revised Directions take effect?

The Directions are effective for accounting periods beginning on or after April 1, 2024.

What is the key change regarding Held for Trading (HFT)?

The revised framework removes the earlier 90-day ceiling on the holding period under HFT and introduces a clearly identifiable trading book.

Are Regional Rural Banks covered under these Directions?

No, the Directions explicitly exclude Regional Rural Banks from their applicability.

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Official source: RBI/DOR/2023-24/104 on rbi.org.in ↗
AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · published · 19 Jun 2026, 07:26 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12534&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.