HomeCirculars › RBI/DOR/2025-26/144

Setting Up Wholly Owned Subsidiaries by Foreign Banks

Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 19 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
Quick answerForeign banks can operate in India through a wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) or branch mode, with single-mode presence criterion.

What changed

RBI has allowed foreign banks to set up WOS in India, providing near national treatment, with lessons learned from the 2008 global financial crisis.

What it means for you

This change means foreign banks can create separate legal entities with local boards, ring-fenced capital, and clearer regulatory oversight, enhancing resolvability and protecting local depositors.

What you must do

Who it affects

Foreign banks operating in India, Local regulators and depositors

What is the single-mode presence criterion?

Foreign banks must choose between WOS and branch mode, with no option to operate in both modes.

What are the advantages of local incorporation?

Creation of separate legal entities, clear delineation of assets and liabilities, and effective control to local regulators.

What is the purpose of the Scheme for Setting up WOS by foreign banks in India?

To provide near national treatment to foreign banks and enhance resolvability and protecting local depositors.

Track this rule
⏳ How this rule evolved — History Map →Full RBI rulebook crosswalk →
Official source: RBI/DOR/2025-26/144 on rbi.org.in ↗
AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · published · 19 Jun 2026, 02:27 IST