HomeCirculars › RBI/DOR/2021-22/81

Investment Portfolio Rules: Classification, Valuation & Operation

Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 19 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
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Quick answerRBI consolidated all existing guidelines on classification, valuation, and operation of commercial banks' investment portfolios into a single Master Direction effective August 25, 2021. It applies to all commercial banks except RRBs, including Small Finance Banks and Payments Banks as specified.

What changed

RBI issued a Master Direction that consolidates all previous circulars on prudential norms for investment portfolio classification, valuation, and operation into one document. The Direction is issued under Section 35A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and came into effect from August 25, 2021. It was updated on March 23, 2022, March 31, 2022, April 8, 2022, and December 8, 2022, but has since been repealed and replaced by the 2023 Directions.

What it means for you

Banks now have a single reference document for investment portfolio norms, replacing multiple scattered circulars. The Direction defines key terms like Approved Securities, Available for Sale, and Current Rating, ensuring uniform compliance. It also extends applicability to Small Finance Banks and Payments Banks, broadening the regulatory scope.

What you must do

Who it affects

All Commercial Banks (excluding RRBs), Small Finance Banks, Payments Banks

What is the effective date of this Master Direction?

The Direction came into effect from August 25, 2021, the date of issuance.

Does this Direction apply to Regional Rural Banks (RRBs)?

No, RRBs are explicitly excluded from the applicability of these Directions.

Has this Direction been superseded?

Yes, the 2021 Direction has been repealed and replaced by the Reserve Bank of India (Classification, Valuation and Operation of Investment Portfolio of Commercial Banks) Directions, 2023.

Track this rule
🗂 Master Direction family: Department of Regulation⏳ How this rule evolved — History Map →Full RBI rulebook crosswalk →
Official source: RBI/DOR/2021-22/81 on rbi.org.in ↗
AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · published · 19 Jun 2026, 11:24 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12153&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.