Master Circular: NBFC Entry into Insurance & Credit Card Business
No longer current — withdrawn, no replacement on file yet
Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2010-11/26 · issued 01 Jul 2010 · ~3 min read
Quick answerRBI consolidated rules for NBFCs entering insurance or credit card business as of June 30, 2010. Key points: NBFCs can do insurance agency without approval if conditions met; joint venture insurance requires RBI nod with max 50% equity; credit card business (including co-branded) needs prior RBI approval; for non-deposit taking NBFCs, minimum net owned fund of Rs.100 crore is required for credit card business; NBFCs may also market mutual fund products with prior approval.
What changed
RBI issued a master circular consolidating all existing instructions on NBFC entry into insurance business, credit card issuance (including co-branded), and marketing/distribution of mutual fund products as of June 30, 2010. No new policy changes were introduced; the circular merely compiled previous circulars into a single reference document.
What it means for you
NBFCs now have a single source for compliance on insurance, credit card, and mutual fund distribution activities, reducing ambiguity. For insurance, NBFCs can act as agents without RBI approval if no risk participation, but joint ventures require case-by-case approval with a 50% equity cap. Credit card business (including co-branded) requires prior RBI approval; for non-deposit taking NBFCs, minimum net owned fund of Rs.100 crore is needed. NBFCs may also market mutual fund products with prior approval.
Historical instruction — do not use for current compliance. This is what was required at the time; it no longer reflects current RBI requirements. If no replacement rule is linked above, that only means none is recorded on our register yet — it does not prove no later applicable rule exists. Confirm on the official RBI source below.
What banks were required to do at the time
Review your NBFC's eligibility for insurance agency business (fee-based, no risk) and ensure compliance with conditions before starting without RBI approval.
If planning insurance joint venture or investment, apply to your regional RBI office with statutory auditor-certified documents and adhere to the 50% equity cap.
For credit card business (including co-branded), confirm net owned fund exceeds Rs.100 crore (for non-deposit taking NBFCs) and obtain prior RBI approval; note that debit/smart/stored value/charge cards are prohibited.
Ensure no departmental conduct of insurance business; use a subsidiary or joint venture structure only.
If interested in marketing mutual fund products, apply for prior RBI approval as per eligibility criteria.
Who it affects
All Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) registered with RBI, NBFCs seeking to enter insurance business as agents or joint venture participants, NBFCs planning to issue credit cards
❓ Common questions
Regulatory timeline
Decoded by BankPulse2026-06-19 05:20 IST
repealed_by — Consolidation of Regulations — Withdrawal of circulars (28 Nov 2025)
Status change: withdrawn03 Aug 2026, 04:00 IST
Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).
Can an NBFC start insurance agency business without RBI approval?
Yes, if the NBFC acts as an agent on a fee basis without risk participation and meets the conditions specified in the circular. No prior RBI approval is needed for such agency business.
What is the maximum equity an NBFC can hold in an insurance joint venture?
Normally, the maximum equity contribution is 50% of the paid-up capital of the insurance company. RBI may allow higher equity on a selective basis, pending divestment within a prescribed period.
Are NBFCs allowed to issue debit cards or smart cards?
No. As per the circular, NBFCs are not permitted to issue debit cards, smart cards, stored value cards, or charge cards. Only credit card business (including co-branded) is allowed with prior RBI approval; for non-deposit taking NBFCs, a minimum net owned fund of Rs.100 crore is required.
Can NBFCs market mutual fund products?
Yes, NBFCs may, selectively, market and distribute mutual fund products as agents of mutual funds with prior RBI approval, for an initial period of two years and subject to review.
📜 This document’s life story (1 recorded event, each backed by RBI’s own words)
Repealed byRBI/2025-26/100 — Consolidation of Regulations — Withdrawal of circulars (28 Nov 2025)
RBI’s words: “Official withdrawal register entry #1673: DNBS.(PD).CC.No.186/03.10.001/2010-11 — "Master Circular - Allied Activities - Entry into Insurance Business, Issue of Credit Card and Marketing and Distribut”
📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI
RBI/2010-11/26
DNBS (PD) CC No.186/03.10.001 / 2010-11
July 1, 2010
To
All Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs)
Dear Sir,
Master Circular - allied activities- entry into insurance business, issue of credit card and marketing and distribution of certain products
In order to have all current instructions in one place, the Reserve Bank of India has consolidated all the instructions issued on the topic as at end of June 30, 2010. It may be noted that the Master Circular consolidates and updates all the instructions contained in the notifications listed in the Appendix in so far they relate to the subject. The Master Circular has also been placed on the RBI web-site ( http://www.rbi.org.in ).
Yours sincerely
(Uma Subramaniam)
Chief General Manager-in-Charge
Entry into insurance business
In the statement of Monetary and Credit Policy for the year 2000-2001 announced by our Governor on April 27, 2000 it was indicated, inter alia, that the guidelines for entry of NBFCs into insurance business would be announced. Accordingly, the Bank issued on June 9, 2000 the final guidelines after taking into account the views/suggestions/comments of the market participants as given below. The aspirant NBFCs are advised to make an application along with necessary particulars duly certified by their statutory auditors to the Regional Office of Department of Non-Banking Supervision under whose jurisdiction the registered office of the NBFCs is situated.
NBFCs registered with Reserve Bank of India may take up insurance agency business on fee basis and without risk participation, without the approval of Reserve Bank of India subject to the certain conditions;
NBFCs registered with RBI which satisfy the eligibility criteria will be permitted to set up a joint venture company for undertaking insurance business with risk participation, subject to safeguards. The maximum equity contribution such an NBFC can hold in the joint venture company will normally be 50 per cent of the paid-up capital of the insurance company. On a selective basis, the Reserve Bank of India may permit a higher equity contribution by a promoter NBFC initially, pending divestment of equity within the prescribed period.
NBFCs registered with RBI which are not eligible as joint venture participant, as above can make investments up to 10 per cent of the owned fund of the NBFC or Rs.50 crore, whichever is lower, in the insurance company subject to eligibility criteria for such investment.
2. No NBFC would be allowed to conduct such business departmentally. A subsidiary or company in the same group of an NBFC or of another NBFC engaged in the business of an non-banking financial institution or banking business will not normally be allowed to join the insurance company on risk participation basis.
All NBFCs registered with RBI entering into insurance business as investors or on risk participation basis will be required to obtain prior approval of the Reserve Bank. The Reserve Bank will give permission to NBFCs on case to case basis keeping in view all relevant factors. It should be ensured that risks involved in insurance business do not get transferred to the NBFC and that the NBFC business does not get contaminated by any risks which may arise from insurance business.
[Details in DNBS.(PD).CC. No. 13 /02.01/99-2000 dated June 30, 2000 , DNBS(PD).CC.No.18/02.01/2001-02 dated January 1, 2002 read with DNBS (PD) C.C. No. 35 / 10.24 / 2003-04 dated February 10, 2004 ]
Issue of Credit card
3. NBFCs are not allowed to undertake credit card business without prior approval of Reserve Bank of India. In regard to credit card business, it is clarified that any company including a non-deposit taking company intending to engage in this activity requires a Certificate of Registration, apart from specific permission to enter into this business, the pre-requisite for which is a minimum net owned fund of Rs.100 crore and subject to such terms and conditions as the Bank may specify in this behalf from time to time. NBFCs are not permitted to issue debit cards, smart cards, stored value cards, charge cards, etc. as advised explicitly in February 21, 2005. Further, NBFCs have to comply also with the instructions issued by Bank to commercial banks vide DBOD.FSD.BC. 49/ 24.01.011/ 2005-06 dated November 21, 2005 .
[Details in DNBS (PD) C.C. No. 41/10.27/2004-05 dated July 7, 2004 , DBOD.FSD.BC. 49/ 24.01.011/ 2005-06 dated November 21, 2005]
Issue of Co-branded Credit Cards
4. It has been decided to allow NBFCs, selectively, registered with the Reserve Bank of India to issue co-branded credit cards with scheduled commercial banks, without risk sharing, with prior approval of the Reserve Bank , for an initial period of two years and a review thereafter. NBFCs fulfilling the minimum eligibility requirements and adhering to certain stipulations are eligible to apply.
[ Details in DNBS (PD) CC No. 83/03.10.27/ 2006-07 dated December 04, 2006 ]
Distribution of Mutual Fund products by NBFCs
5. Further, it has been decided to allow NBFCs, selectively, to market and distribute mutual fund products as agents of mutual funds, with prior approval of Reserve Bank, for an initial period of two years and a review thereafter. NBFCs fulfilling the certain minimum requirements are eligible to apply. The permission is liable to be withdrawn with a notice period of 3 months in the event of any undesirable / unhealthy operations coming to the notice of the Bank.
[ Details in DNBS (PD) CC No. 84/ 03.10.27/2006-07 dated December 04, 2006 ]
Appendix
Sr. No.
Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/2010-11/26 · issued 01 Jul 2010. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.
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BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly). Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=5823&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.
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