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India banking system health scorecard
Quick answerIndia's scheduled commercial banks score 86/100 (Resilient) on BankPulse's composite health index. Capital is strong (CRAR 16.7%), asset quality is at a multi-decade best (gross NPA 2.6%, net NPA 0.6%), and profitability is healthy (RoA 1.4%). The system is well-capitalised and resilient, per the RBI Financial Stability Report (Dec 2024).
86/100
Composite health score
16.7%
Capital adequacy (CRAR)
Download this data:JSONCSV— pillars, bank-group split and the multi-quarter trend, mirroring /api/bank-health.json. Health pillars & scoring
| Pillar | Value | Sub-score | Score · weight |
|---|
Capital adequacy (CRAR)
Well above the 11.5% regulatory minimum (incl. capital conservation buffer). | 16.7% | | 92/100 · 25% wt |
Asset quality (GNPA)
Gross NPA ratio at a multi-decade low; net NPA just 0.6%. | 2.6% | | 88/100 · 25% wt |
Provisioning cover (PCR)
Provision coverage strong, cushioning residual stressed assets. | 77% | | 80/100 · 15% wt |
Profitability (RoA)
Return on assets at a multi-year high, aiding internal capital generation. | 1.4% | | 85/100 · 20% wt |
Liquidity (LCR)
Liquidity coverage comfortably above the 100% requirement. | 128% | | 78/100 · 15% wt |
Peer comparison by bank group
Gross NPA and capital adequacy differ sharply by ownership group. Public sector banks carry higher legacy NPAs but remain comfortably above capital minimums; private and foreign banks run lower NPAs and higher buffers. These are RBI Financial Stability Report aggregates for scheduled commercial banks, split by ownership group.
The chart above is a visual summary; the table below carries the same RBI bank-group figures so they are readable without JavaScript — for accessibility and AI answer engines.
| Bank group | Gross NPA | CRAR |
|---|
| Public sector | 3.3% | 15.4% |
| Private sector | 1.8% | 17.2% |
| Foreign banks | 1.2% | 19% |
Download this peer comparison:CSVJSON— gross NPA and CRAR by ownership group, mirroring the bank_group section of /api/bank-health.json. A note on small finance & payments banksThe groups above are the three ownership classes of scheduled commercial banks the RBI Financial Stability Report reports together. Small Finance Banks and Payments Banks are differentiated banks with their own licensing and prudential norms; their system-level capital and asset-quality aggregates are reported separately by the RBI and are not part of this SCB-group dataset. We add a peer row only when a figure is confirmed against its official RBI source.
Last 5 readings (trend)
Half-yearly RBI Financial Stability Report system aggregates for scheduled commercial banks. Capital adequacy has stayed strong while the gross NPA ratio fell steadily from 5.0% to 2.6% and profitability edged up — the trend behind the headline score. Figures are rounded to one decimal as published by the RBI.
CRAR trend (5 readings)
16% → 16.7% · Sep 2022 to Sep 2024 (stable, well above floor)
Gross NPA trend (5 readings)
5% → 2.6% · falling steadily to a multi-decade low
| Period (RBI FSR) | CRAR | Gross NPA | RoA |
|---|
| Sep 2022 | 16% | 5% | 1% |
| Mar 2023 | 16.1% | 3.9% | 1.1% |
| Sep 2023 | 16.8% | 3.2% | 1.3% |
| Mar 2024 | 16.8% | 2.8% | 1.3% |
| Sep 2024 (latest) | 16.7% | 2.6% | 1.4% |
How the score is built
The composite is a weighted blend of five RBI-published prudential pillars — capital adequacy (CRAR, 25%), asset quality (GNPA, 25%), profitability (RoA, 20%), provisioning coverage (PCR, 15%) and liquidity (LCR, 15%). Each pillar is normalised to a 0–100 sub-score against its regulatory floor and historical range, then weighted to a single number. This is an indicative analytical index, not a regulatory rating, and is rebuilt as new RBI data is released.
Methodology: each pillar, its RBI metric & regulatory floor
Every pillar maps to a specific RBI-published prudential metric and the regulatory floor or benchmark it is measured against. This table carries the same figures behind the score so they are readable without JavaScript — for accessibility and AI answer engines.
| Pillar | RBI source metric | Regulatory floor / benchmark | Current value | Weight |
|---|
| Capital adequacy (CRAR) | Capital to Risk-weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) | Minimum 11.5% (9% minimum + 2.5% capital conservation buffer) | 16.7% | 25% |
| Asset quality (GNPA) | Gross NPA ratio (IRAC asset-classification norms) | No floor — lower is better; accounts turn NPA at 90 days overdue | 2.6% | 25% |
| Provisioning cover (PCR) | Provision Coverage Ratio (PCR) | No standing floor; RBI macro-prudential benchmark around 70% | 77% | 15% |
| Profitability (RoA) | Return on Assets (RoA) | No floor — above ~1% is generally read as a well-run bank | 1.4% | 20% |
| Liquidity (LCR) | Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) | Minimum 100% (fully phased in) | 128% | 15% |
How to read the score
The headline number is a single 0–100 composite. Read it in three steps: (1) note the score in the Quick answer, (2) match it to the band below, and (3) check whether the five pillars are improving or weakening against the RBI FSR trend table. A higher score means stronger capital, fewer bad loans and better profitability. The current reading is 86/100 (Resilient).
| Band | Score range | What it means |
|---|
| Resilient ← current | 80–100 | Strong capital buffers, low bad loans and healthy profits — comfortably above every RBI regulatory floor. |
| Healthy | 65–79 | Sound and above regulatory minimums, with comfortable margins across most pillars. |
| Watch | 50–64 | Adequate overall, but one or more pillars are under pressure and worth monitoring. |
| Stressed | below 50 | One or more pillars sit near or below their regulatory floor — an elevated system-level risk signal. |
Bands are indicative analytical thresholds, not RBI regulatory ratings. The score is rebuilt whenever the RBI releases new Financial Stability Report data, and every figure links to its official RBI source.
Related topic clusterThis dashboard supports the
Compliance & Prudential Norms topic cluster — the RBI rules, FAQs and related data for the whole theme.
Frequently asked questions
How healthy is India's banking system?
On BankPulse's composite index India's scheduled commercial banks score 86/100 (Resilient). Capital adequacy (CRAR) is 16.7%, gross NPAs are at a multi-decade low of 2.6%, net NPAs 0.6%, and return on assets is 1.4% — per the RBI Financial Stability Report, December 2024.
How is the BankPulse bank health score calculated?
It is a weighted blend of five RBI-published prudential pillars: capital adequacy/CRAR (25%), asset quality/GNPA (25%), profitability/RoA (20%), provisioning coverage/PCR (15%) and liquidity/LCR (15%). Each pillar is normalised to a 0-100 sub-score and weighted to a single composite. It is an indicative analytical index, not a regulatory rating.
What does the BankPulse bank health score not measure?
The composite reflects system-level prudential aggregates from the RBI Financial Stability Report, not individual-bank ratings, governance quality or forward-looking stress scenarios. It is rebuilt whenever the RBI releases new data, and every figure links to its official RBI source. BankPulse is an independent platform and is not affiliated with the RBI.
Compliance signal — this financial yearSo far in
FY2026-27 (the Indian financial year runs 1 April–31 March), the RBI has imposed
6 tracked monetary penalties on regulated entities. Enforcement actions are a conduct/compliance signal that sits alongside this prudential scorecard.
See the RBI Penalty Tracker → Related data dashboards
Explore the rest of the BankPulse data hub — every dashboard is built from official RBI data and reviewed by a Chartered Accountant.
Entities trackedBankPulse tracks
61 Indian banks & NBFCs across its penalty and bank-health intelligence — public-sector banks, private banks, small finance banks and NBFCs — each mapped to its Wikidata QID and Wikipedia article for entity disambiguation. Browse the machine-readable
Banks & NBFCs JSON feed.
How to read this dashboard- Start with the Quick answer — the composite score (out of 100) and its band.
- See the methodology: five RBI metrics (CRAR, GNPA, RoA, PCR, LCR) drive the score.
- A higher score means stronger capital, lower bad loans and better profitability.
- Drill into the NPA and Credit & Deposit dashboards for the underlying drivers.
Methodology & sources: see how BankPulse dashboards are sourced, verified & updated · machine-readable methodology feed.
Source: RBI Financial Stability Report (December 2024), system-level scheduled commercial banks,
rbi.org.in. Reviewed by
Vikram Jain. Last updated 19 Jun 2026, 13:38 IST.