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RBI Master Circular on KYC/AML for NBFCs (2012)

NBFC Regulations
Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 20 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
Issued by RBI: 02 Jul 2012  ·  Decoded by BankPulse: 20 Jun 2026, 01:24 IST
⏱ ~1 min read
📄 Official RBI source ↗
Quick answerRBI consolidated all KYC/AML/CFT guidelines for NBFCs into a single Master Circular as of July 2, 2012, covering customer identification, record-keeping, and reporting under PMLA, 2002. NBFCs must ensure board-approved policies and comply with updated rules.

What changed

RBI issued a Master Circular consolidating all prior KYC/AML/CFT instructions for NBFCs, updated to June 30, 2012. It integrates obligations under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002, including risk assessment, PEP accounts, and suspicious transaction reporting.

What it means for you

NBFCs now have a single reference document for compliance, reducing ambiguity. They must formalize board-approved KYC/AML policies and ensure robust customer due diligence, record maintenance, and reporting to the Financial Intelligence Unit. Non-compliance invites penalties under RBI Act and PMLA rules.

What you must do

Who it affects

All Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs), Miscellaneous Non-Banking Companies (MNBCs), Residuary Non-Banking Companies (RNBCs)

What is the key change in this Master Circular?

It consolidates all previous KYC/AML/CFT instructions for NBFCs into one document, updated to June 30, 2012, making compliance easier by providing a single reference.

What are the penalties for non-compliance?

Non-compliance attracts penalties under Sections 45K and 45L of the RBI Act, 1934, and Rule 7 of the Prevention of Money-Laundering (Maintenance of Records) Rules.

Do these guidelines apply to all NBFCs?

Yes, the instructions apply to all NBFCs, including Miscellaneous and Residuary Non-Banking Companies.

Key dataSee the live numbers behind this topic: NPA / Asset-Quality Tracker, Bank Health Scores — updated from official RBI data.
Key termsPlain-English definitions of terms in this circular — see the full Indian banking glossary. NBFC · CRAR (Capital adequacy) · Gross NPA (GNPA) · Wilful defaulter
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AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · decoded & published by BankPulse · 20 Jun 2026, 01:24 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=7400&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.