HomeCirculars › RBI/2021-22/55

RBI Curbs Investments in PSOs from FATF Non-Compliant Jurisdictions

Digital Payments / UPI
Live · in forceNo withdrawal recorded as of 19 Jun 2026. Reviewed by Vikram Jain; always verify against the official RBI source below.
⏱ ~2 min read
Quick answerRBI has restricted new investments in Payment System Operators (PSOs) from FATF non-compliant jurisdictions. Fresh investors from such jurisdictions cannot acquire significant influence (over 20% voting power) in PSOs. Existing investors may continue or add investments per regulations.

What changed

RBI issued a circular aligning PSO investment rules with earlier NBFC norms on FATF non-compliant jurisdictions. New investors from or through non-compliant FATF jurisdictions are barred from acquiring significant influence (over 20% voting power) in PSOs. Existing investors holding investments before the jurisdiction was classified as non-compliant may continue or bring additional investments as per extant regulations.

What it means for you

PSOs must now screen new investors for FATF compliance and ensure aggregate voting power from non-compliant jurisdictions stays below 20%. This tightens AML/CFT controls in the payment ecosystem, potentially limiting capital inflows from high-risk jurisdictions. Banks and PSOs need to update their KYC and investment monitoring processes accordingly.

What you must do

Who it affects

Payment System Operators (PSOs) authorised by RBI, Entities applying for PSO authorisation under PSS Act, 2007, Investors from FATF non-compliant jurisdictions, Banks and NBFCs with payment system operations

What is considered 'significant influence' under this circular?

Significant influence is defined as holding 20% or more of voting power (including potential voting power from convertible instruments or contingent rights) in a PSO. New investors from FATF non-compliant jurisdictions must stay below this threshold.

Can existing investors from a now non-compliant jurisdiction continue their investment?

Yes, existing investors who held investments before the jurisdiction was classified as FATF non-compliant may continue or even bring additional investments as per extant regulations to support business continuity.

Does this circular apply to entities that have applied for PSO authorisation?

Yes, the instructions apply to any entity that has applied for or intends to apply for authorisation as a PSO under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007.

Key dataSee the live numbers behind this topic: RBI Penalty Tracker, Credit & Deposit Growth — updated from official RBI data.
Key termsPlain-English definitions of terms in this circular — see the full Indian banking glossary. UPI · KYC / AML · Deposit insurance (DICGC) · NEFT / RTGS
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Official source: RBI/2021-22/55 on rbi.org.in ↗
AI-drafted · 3-model AI consensus fact-check · under the editorial review of Vikram Jain · published · 19 Jun 2026, 11:47 IST
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=12114&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by Vikram Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; never reproduces RBI text verbatim.