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RBI Tightens NBFC Credit Reporting Timelines and CKYC Norms

Current · Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/DOR/2025-26/117 · issued 04 Dec 2025 · ~2 min read

Quick answerRBI has amended NBFC credit information reporting directions, effective July 1, 2026. Key changes: weekly data submission (9th, 16th, 23rd, month-end), incremental reporting for mid-month dates, mandatory CKYC number reporting, and stricter rejected data rectification timelines.

The rule, in the simplest words

NBFCs (companies that give loans but are not banks) must send loan data to credit bureaus (CICs) on 4 fixed dates each month: the 9th, 16th, 23rd, and last day of the month.
For the last day of the month, NBFCs must send a full list of all active and closed loans by the 5th of the next month.
For the 9th, 16th, and 23rd, NBFCs only need to send changes (new loans, closed loans, payments, or overdue amounts) within 4 days after each date.
NBFCs must include the CKYC number (a unique customer ID) for every borrower when reporting to credit bureaus, if they have it.
If a credit bureau rejects some data, the NBFC must fix and resend it before or with the next scheduled report.

How it plays out — a real example

Ravi, a KYC & compliance officer in Indore, now marks his calendar for the 9th, 16th, 23rd, and month-end. On the 10th, he quickly uploads only the new loans and repayments from the previous day, making sure each customer's CKYC number is filled in. When the credit bureau flags a rejected record, he corrects the borrower's name and resends it before the next due date, keeping his branch compliant.

What changed

The amendment replaces the previous paragraph 10(2) with a new schedule: NBFCs must submit full credit files by the 5th of next month for month-end data, and incremental files within 4 calendar days for 9th, 16th, and 23rd reference dates. A new paragraph 12(10) mandates reporting of CKYC numbers to CICs whenever available. Paragraph 15 now requires rectification and re-submission of rejected data before or with the next reference date submission.

What it means for you

NBFCs must overhaul their data management systems to meet tighter weekly reporting cycles, increasing operational costs and compliance burden. The CKYC requirement will improve borrower identity consistency across lenders. Non-adherence to timelines will be reported to RBI's supervision department, raising the stakes for data quality and timeliness.

What you must do

Update internal systems to generate and submit full credit files by 5th of each month and incremental files within 4 days of 9th, 16th, and 23rd.
Integrate CKYC number capture into borrower onboarding and existing records, and report to CICs.
Establish a process to rectify rejected data from CICs before the next reference date submission.
Train staff on the new reporting timelines and incremental account definitions to avoid compliance gaps.

Who it affects

All NBFCs covered under the Credit Information Reporting Directions, Credit Information Companies (CICs), RBI's Department of Supervision (for monitoring compliance)

❓ Common questions

Regulatory timeline

Stated effective date effective July 1, 2026
Decoded by BankPulse 2026-06-17 19:41 IST

Built from our lineage records — each fact carries its provenance; missing history simply is not shown (never guessed).

What is the effective date of these amendments?

The amendments come into force from July 1, 2026.

What are the new reporting reference dates?

NBFCs must report credit information as on the 9th, 16th, 23rd, and last day of each month.

What happens if an NBFC fails to meet the data submission timelines?

CICs will report such NBFCs to RBI's Department of Supervision via the DAKSH portal at half-yearly intervals (as on March 31 and September 30) for monitoring.

📜 Read the original circular — full text as issued by RBI

RBI/DOR/2025-26/117
 DOR.FIN.REC.No.324/20.16.056/2025-26
 December 04, 2025
 Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Credit Information
 Reporting) Amendment Directions, 2025
 The Reserve Bank had issued Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Credit Information Reporting) Directions, 2025 for efficient functioning of credit information reporting system in the country. There is a need to further amend the same based on a review of the extant instructions.
 2. Accordingly, in exercise of the powers conferred under Section 11 of the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act, 2005, the Reserve Bank being satisfied that it is necessary and expedient in the public interest to do so, hereby issues the Amendment Directions hereinafter specified.
 3. (i) These directions shall be called the Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Credit Information Reporting) Amendment Directions, 2025.
 (ii) These directions shall come into force from July 01, 2026.
 4. These directions modify the Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Credit Information Reporting) Directions, 2025 , hereinafter referred to as the said Directions, as under:
 i) The paragraph 10(2) of the said Directions shall be substituted by the following, namely:
 “A CI shall keep the credit information collected / maintained by it, updated regularly on the following basis or at shorter intervals as mutually agreed upon between the CI and CIC:
 (i) A CI shall submit credit information as on 9th, 16th, 23rd and last day of the month (hereinafter referred to as the reference dates) to CICs.
 (ii) A CI shall submit the full file containing credit information records as on the last day of the month to the CICs, by 5th day of the next month. Full file for this purpose shall include all active accounts in the books of the CI and the accounts wherein relationship between the borrower and the CI has ended since the last reporting reference date.
 (iii) For other submissions during the month, i.e., credit information records as on 9th, 16th and 23rd day of the month, a CI shall only furnish ‘incremental accounts’ to CICs. The CI shall submit such credit information to CICs within four (4) calendar days from the above-mentioned dates. Incremental accounts for this purpose shall include details in respect of the following accounts:
 Accounts opened since the last reporting reference date; 
 Accounts wherein the relationship between the borrower and the CI has ended since the last reporting reference date;
 Accounts where there is a change from the last reporting reference date because of any action/ transaction initiated by the borrower, and the same shall include instances of repayment, change in outstanding balance, updates in demographic details, related party, guarantors, ownership of account, account type; and
 Accounts where interest and / or instalment of principal is overdue

 Explanation: Accounts with change only in days past due from the last reporting reference date shall also form part of the reporting.
 (iv) An illustration on timelines for reporting is given in Annex-VI .
 (v) CICs shall report on the DAKSH portal, a list of CIs which fail to adhere to the data submission timelines to Department of Supervision, Reserve Bank of India, Central Office at half yearly intervals (as on March 31 and September 30 each year) for information and monitoring purposes.”
 ii) A new paragraph 12(10) shall be inserted after paragraph 12(9) of the said Directions as follows, namely:
 “A CI shall report Central KYC (CKYC) number of its borrowers to CICs, wherever the same is available with it or as and when CKYC number is made available (in the case of fresh applicants for CKYC number).”
 iii) Paragraph 15 of the said Directions shall be substituted by the following, namely:
 “A CI shall rectify the rejected data shared by CICs and re-submit the same to CICs before/ along with submission of data of subsequent reporting reference date.”
 (J. P. Sharma)
 Chief General Manager-in-Charge

Reproduced for reference with acknowledgment — Source: Reserve Bank of India · RBI/DOR/2025-26/117 · issued 04 Dec 2025. The plain-English explanation above is BankPulse’s own independent summary.

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Who does what — compliance checklist

💻 IT / Systems

Update internal systems to generate and submit full credit files by 5th of each month and incremental files within 4 days of 9th, 16th, and 23rd.

📜 Compliance

Integrate CKYC number capture into borrower onboarding and existing records, and report to CICs.
Establish a process to rectify rejected data from CICs before the next reference date submission.
Train staff on the new reporting timelines and incremental account definitions to avoid compliance gaps.

Grouped from the action items above — a single circular may involve more than one team.

Worked example & action-note template

Example: if you are an IT/Systems lead at a bank this circular applies to (All NBFCs covered under the Credit Information Reporting Directions, Credit Information Companies (CICs), RBI's Department of Supervision (for monitoring compliance)), your first concrete step on “RBI Tightens NBFC Credit Reporting Timelines and CKYC Norms” is: “Update internal systems to generate and submit full credit files by 5th of each month and incremental files within 4 days of 9th, 16th, and 23rd.” (RBI issued this 04 Dec 2025).

Circular: RBI/DOR/2025-26/117 -- RBI Tightens NBFC Credit Reporting Timelines and CKYC Norms
Issued: 04 Dec 2025
Action required: Update internal systems to generate and submit full credit files by 5th of each month and incremental files within 4 days of 9th, 16th, and 23rd.
Action required: Integrate CKYC number capture into borrower onboarding and existing records, and report to CICs.
Action required: Establish a process to rectify rejected data from CICs before the next reference date submission.
Action required: Train staff on the new reporting timelines and incremental account definitions to avoid compliance gaps.
Owner: ____________ Target date: ____________
Board/committee approval needed? Y / N
Evidence filed in compliance register on: ____________

Built only from this circular’s own published fields — not legal advice; always confirm against the official RBI source.

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BankPulse Compliance Evidence Pack — generated 03 Aug 2026 · status cross-checked against RBI’s official withdrawal register (refreshed weekly).
Official RBI source: https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=13187&Mode=0 — Plain-English summary by BankPulse (bankpulse.ai), reviewed by our expert reviewer, CA Amit Jain. Independent platform, not affiliated with the Reserve Bank of India; is our own plain-English paraphrase, not RBI’s original wording.