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Master Direction · Reserve Bank of India

Master Direction - Establishment of Branch Office (BO)/ Liaison Office (LO)/ Project Office (PO) or any other place of business in India by foreign entities (Updated as on May 18, 2021)

UR

The four dates on this rule

At a glanceThe application must be made in Form FNC to a chosen AD bank. A branch office needs a strong profit record and net worth of at least $100,000. A liaison office is approved for three years, or two years for NBFCs and construction firms.

Official RBI page

What it says

Must know

1. Some countries need central approval

Applicants from Pakistan and some other countries need the government's own approval.

2. Four sectors need extra approval

Defence, telecom, private security and broadcasting businesses need the government's own approval too.

3. Branch office track record

A branch office needs a strong profit record and net worth of at least $100,000.

4. Liaison office track record

A liaison office needs a strong profit record and net worth of at least $50,000.

5. Weak applicant needs a guarantor

A financially weak applicant may submit a comfort letter from its own parent company.

6. Liaison office validity period

A liaison office is approved for three years, or two years for NBFCs and construction firms.

7. Project office lasts the project

A project office is approved only for as long as the project runs.

8. Open within six months

The office must open within six months of the approval letter, or the approval lapses.

9. Branches allowed in SEZs

A branch office may open in a Special Economic Zone for manufacturing or service activities.

10. Liaison office gets one account

A liaison office may hold only one bank account without RBI's own permission.

11. Pakistan needs account approval

An entity from Pakistan needs RBI's own prior approval to open a bank account for its project office.

12. Project office gets two accounts

A project office may open two foreign currency accounts, usually one in US dollars and one in the awarder's currency.

13. Report problems to RBI immediately

Any adverse finding in the certificate must reach RBI at once.

14. No second extension for some

NBFC and construction-sector liaison offices get no further extension at all.

15. Some applicants register with police

Applicants from eight named countries must register with the state police.

16. Justify a fifth office

A fifth office beyond one per zone needs RBI's own prior approval.

17. No credit facilities for LOs

The AD bank may extend credit facilities to branch and project offices, never to liaison offices.

18. Clear all dues before closing

Before closing, the office must show every local liability is paid or provided for.

19. No income left stranded abroad

Closing the office must confirm no foreign income was left unrepatriated to India.

20. Sell assets only when closing

Assets may be sold to a new Indian company only when the office is closing down.

21. Assets capped at book value

Assets transferred to a new Indian company cannot be sold above their book value.

22. One designated bank, always

Every office must transact through only one designated AD bank.

23. Lease capped at five years

Leased office space cannot be taken for more than five years.

24. Deposit capped at six months

Surplus funds may go into a term deposit for up to six months only.

25. Approval cannot be transferred

One foreign entity's approval cannot pass to a different entity.

Do it

1. Apply using Form FNC

The application must be made in Form FNC to a chosen AD bank.

2. One extension of six months

The AD bank may allow one further six months to open the office.

3. File an activity certificate yearly

Every office must file an Annual Activity Certificate as at 31 March each year.

4. One certificate for many offices

With several branches or liaison offices, the nodal office files one combined certificate for all of them.

5. Liaison offices get three years

The AD bank may extend a liaison office's approval by three more years.

6. Moving city needs approval

Moving a branch or liaison office to another city needs the AD bank's approval first.

7. Branch may remit its profit

A branch office may send its after-tax profit abroad, backed by audited accounts.

8. Project office interim remittance

A project office may send money home before winding up, if the AD bank is satisfied it is genuine.

9. Get a PAN and report

Every office must get a PAN and report it in its activity certificate.

Background

1. RBI issues a number first

RBI must allot a Unique Identification Number before the bank's approval letter goes out.

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