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Master Direction · Reserve Bank of India

Master Directions - Compounding of Contraventions under FEMA, 1999, dated April 22, 2025 (Updated as on April 24, 2025)

UR

The four dates on this rule

At a glanceCompounding lets someone pay a penalty to settle a FEMA violation instead of facing full legal proceedings. Violations of Rule 4(2) or Rule 9 of the Compounding Rules can never be compounded.

Official RBI page

Numbers to remember

Two lakhWithout compounding, a violation can draw a penalty of up to three times the amount involved, or Rupees Two lakhs. RBI Para 1
Five thousandA continuing violation can draw a further penalty of Rupees Five thousand for every extra day. RBI Para 1
₹10,000,Every application must carry a fee of ₹10,000, plus 18% GST. RBI Para 3
three yearsA violation repeated within three years of an earlier compounded one cannot be compounded again. RBI Para 4
one lakh rupeesBelow one lakh rupees, the compounding charge is capped at simple interest of 5% a year. RBI Para 5
180 daysShares allotted more than 180 days late without RBI's approval draw 1.25 times the usual charge. RBI Para 5

What it says

Must know

1. Penalty without compounding

Without compounding, a violation can draw a penalty of up to three times the amount involved, or Rupees Two lakhs.

2. Daily penalty for continuing violations

A continuing violation can draw a further penalty of Rupees Five thousand for every extra day.

3. What compounding is for

Compounding lets someone pay a penalty to settle a FEMA violation instead of facing full legal proceedings.

4. Two rule violations barred outright

Violations of Rule 4(2) or Rule 9 of the Compounding Rules can never be compounded.

5. Application fee: ₹10,000 plus GST

Every application must carry a fee of ₹10,000, plus 18% GST.

6. Application fee is not refunded

If an application is returned, the fee already paid is not given back.

7. No fee on resubmission

If the applicant resubmits the same application, the fee is not charged again.

8. Repeat within three years barred

A violation repeated within three years of an earlier compounded one cannot be compounded again.

9. Clean record after three years

After three clean years, a repeated violation counts as a fresh, first-time one.

10. Corrective action comes before compounding

RBI will not process a compounding application until the applicant's corrective action is complete.

11. Serious violations go to enforcement

Violations suspected of money laundering or terror financing are treated as serious, not routine.

12. Section 3(a) violations excluded

A violation of Section 3(a) of FEMA is never eligible for compounding.

13. Reporting violations start at ₹10,000

A routine reporting violation starts with a fixed INR 10,000 charge per rule broken.

14. Guarantee violations start at ₹5,00,000

A violation over an issued guarantee starts with a fixed INR 5,00,000 charge per rule broken.

15. Loan-linked guarantees can triple

A guarantee taken to raise a loan brought back into India can see its charge trebled.

16. Other violations start at ₹50,000

Any other non-reporting violation starts with a fixed INR 50,000 charge per rule broken.

17. Compounding amount capped at 300%

No compounding amount may ever exceed three times the sum involved in the violation.

18. Small violations pay simple interest

Below one lakh rupees, the compounding charge is capped at simple interest of 5% a year.

19. Late allotment triples the fee

Shares allotted more than 180 days late without RBI's approval draw 1.25 times the usual charge.

20. Row-five violations capped at ₹2,00,000

For the lowest-risk category of violation, the amount can be capped at INR 2,00,000 per rule broken.

21. RBI decides within 180 days

The Compounding Authority must issue its order within 180 days of getting a complete application.

22. How the amount is paid

The compounding amount is paid by demand draft, NEFT or RTGS in RBI's favour.

23. Non-payment voids the application

If the compounded sum is not paid in time, the applicant is treated as never having applied.

Do it

1. Applications go by jurisdiction

An applicant sends the compounding application to the Regional Office with jurisdiction over the case.

2. Payment reported within two hours

The applicant must email proof of the fee payment within two hours of paying it.

3. Order copy also to enforcement

A copy of every compounding order also goes to the Adjudicating Authority.

Background

1. History affects the amount charged

RBI weighs the violator's track record and history of non-compliance when setting the charge.

2. Personal appearance is encouraged

RBI encourages the applicant to appear in person or by video, not through a lawyer.

3. Orders published on RBI's website

A summary of every compounding order made since March 2020 is posted on RBI's website.

4. No undoing a paid order

Once an order is passed, the applicant cannot ask to withdraw it or call it void.

Where to go next