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Directions · Reserve Bank of India

Reserve Bank of India (Rural Co-operative Banks – Prudential Norms on Declaration of Dividends) Directions, 2025

UR

The four dates on this rule

At a glanceThis book sets the tests a rural co-operative bank must pass before it pays a dividend. These rules bind rural co-operative banks. The rules take effect the moment RBI issues them.

Official RBI page

What it says

Opening paragraphs

1. Where the power comes from

RBI issues these rules under the Banking Regulation Act.

2. Why RBI issued them

RBI states it is satisfied these rules are needed in the public interest.

BankPulse example. RBI does not have to explain each rule one by one. It states that it is satisfied the rules are necessary and expedient in the public interest. That statement is the legal footing for everything that follows.

Chapter I. Preliminary

Background

1. The name of these rules

The rules are called the Prudential Norms on Declaration of Dividends Directions, 2025.

2. When they start

The rules take effect the moment RBI issues them.

3. Who is covered

These rules bind rural co-operative banks.

4. How the word is used

The rules speak of the banks together and of one bank singly.

5. Which banks those are

That means state co-operative banks and central co-operative banks.

6. Where the meaning comes from

Those two are defined in the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act.

7. What the capital ratio means

The capital ratio is worked out under RBI's own capital adequacy rules for these banks.

8. An interim payment counts

A dividend includes any interim dividend.

9. The bad loan ratio

The net non-performing asset ratio is net bad loans against net advances.

10. Words not defined here

Any word these rules do not define takes its meaning from the law or from ordinary trade use.

Chapter II. Declaration of dividends by an RCB

Must know

1. Five per cent or below

Net bad loans must be at or below five per cent for the year the dividend is proposed for.

Do it

2. What this book does

This book sets the tests a rural co-operative bank must pass before it pays a dividend.

3. Capital must be met

The bank must meet the capital it is required to hold.

4. Reserves must have been kept

The bank must have met its cash reserve and liquidity requirements during that year.

5. Provisions for impaired assets

Provisions must be made for impaired assets, income tax and employee benefits.

6. Losses cleared first

Accumulated losses must be adjusted in full before anything is paid.

7. What the board weighs

The board must weigh the bank's capital now and as projected against what it must hold.

BankPulse example. Before a dividend is declared the board looks at capital twice over. It weighs the capital position now, and the position projected forward, against what the bank must hold. It also asks whether provisions are enough.

8. Provisions and the outlook

It must also weigh whether provisions are enough, the economy and the outlook for profit.

BankPulse example. Two banks hold the same capital. One faces a weak economy and a poor outlook for profitability; the other does not. The board weighs the economic environment and that outlook, not the capital alone.

Background

9. Paid only from profit

A dividend may be paid only out of that year's net profit.

10. Where reversals are dealt with

Reversed provisions and unrealised profit on transferred loans follow a separate RBI rulebook.

11. The board decides on equity

The board takes this decision when declaring a dividend on equity shares.

Chapter III. Repeal and other provisions

Background

1. The old rules go

Every earlier instruction on declaring dividends for these banks is repealed.

2. What was already gone

Anything repealed before these rules came stays repealed.

3. Old actions stand

Action already taken under the old instructions is still judged by those instructions.

4. Old approvals carry over

Approvals given under the repealed instructions are treated as given under these rules.

5. Rights are not lost

The repeal does not take away any right, obligation or liability already created.

BankPulse example. A guarantee given under the old rules is still owed. The repeal does not take away any right, obligation or liability already acquired or incurred. What was owed before is still owed.

6. Penalties are not lost

A penalty or forfeiture already incurred survives the repeal.

7. Cases may still run

An investigation or a case may still be started or carried on as though nothing was repealed.

8. Other law still applies

These rules add to other laws and take nothing away from them.

9. RBI may clarify

RBI may issue clarifications to remove any difficulty in applying these rules.

10. RBI has the last word

RBI's reading of any provision here is final and binding.

The same subject for other kinds of institution

The same subject for other kinds of institution.

Other RBI rules for rural co-operative banks

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