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Directions · Reserve Bank of India

Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Voluntary Amalgamation) Directions, 2025

UR

The four dates on this rule

This rulebook is short, and the page is short with it. The whole direction is about 1,250 words long; these points cover every operative rule in it.

At a glanceThe rules cover a merger of two finance companies. They also cover a merger with any entity outside RBI's watch. These Directions apply to every finance company. All layers of RBI's framework are covered. These Directions came into force with immediate effect.

Official RBI page

What it says

Chapter I. Preliminary

1. In force at once

These Directions came into force with immediate effect.

2. Who is covered

These Directions apply to every finance company. All layers of RBI's framework are covered.

3. Three kinds of merger

The rules cover a merger of two finance companies. They also cover a merger with any entity outside RBI's watch.

Chapter II. Grant of No Objection Certificate (NOC) / Approval by RBI

Must know

1. A quarter of the equity

Prior approval is needed if shareholding moves by 26 per cent or more of the paid up equity.

2. A third of the board

RBI must approve first if more than 30 per cent of the directors change. Independent directors do not count.

BankPulse example. A finance company has 10 directors, of whom 2 are independent. The other 8 are counted. Replacing 3 of those 8 is more than 30 percent, so RBI must approve first.

Do it

3. RBI's paper first

The company must hold RBI's no objection or approval first. Only then may it go to a court or tribunal.

4. Both sides seek it

When two finance companies merge, both must seek RBI's no-objection certificate.

5. Control change needs approval

RBI must approve first if the merger changes control. Control here is what the SEBI takeover rules mean by it.

6. Merging inward

An outside entity may merge into a finance company. The finance company must first hold RBI's no objection.

7. The business test continues

The merged finance company must still pass the principal business test. That is how it keeps its registration.

Background

8. The tribunal approves

Every such merger goes through the company law tribunal. The tribunal approves it under the Companies Act.

9. One registration dies

After the merger, the absorbed company hands back its registration certificate. RBI then cancels it.

10. Merging outward

A finance company merging into an outside entity needs RBI approval first. It then hands back its registration.

11. The survivor may register

The surviving outside entity may seek its own registration. It approaches RBI if it would pass the principal business test.

The same subject for other kinds of institution

The same subject for other kinds of institution.

Other RBI rules for NBFCs

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